Housing Problems in Shanty Towns (Rio)
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary consequence of overcrowded dwellings in shanty towns, as observed in Rio?

  • Increased access to public utilities
  • Lack of privacy and increased disease risk (correct)
  • Enhanced privacy for residents
  • Improved social cohesion and reduced crime

    • Which of the following is NOT a typical environmental issue associated with shanty towns?

  • Landslides on unstable hillsides
  • Contamination of water pipes due to proximity to open sewers
  • High levels of litter and pollution
  • High crime rates and drug activity (correct)

    • What is a key challenge associated with self-help schemes for housing improvements in shanty towns?

  • Residents are unable to adapt improvements
  • Government providing materials reduces self-reliance
  • Self-help may not address larger socio-economic issues (correct)
  • The government's complete control over building process

    • Which of the following best describes the main purpose of 'site and service schemes' in Rio?

    <p>To offer government-built housing and services for residents to purchase or rent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does bootlegging electricity in shanty towns present a safety hazard?

    <p>Bootlegging leads to fire hazards and risk of electrocution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main benefits of improving sewage systems in shanty towns, implemented with self-help schemes?

    <p>Reduced disease spread due to improved sanitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a typical challenge for emergency services, such as ambulances, within the shanty towns?

    <p>Poor access due to narrow streets and steep inclines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these problems contributes most directly to the high incidence of diseases like cholera in Rio's shanty towns?

    <p>The close proximity of water pipes to open sewers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of reforestation schemes in favelas?

    <p>Preventing landslides and keeping soil in place</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a direct result of providing legal land rights to favela residents?

    <p>Enhanced self-improvement and long-term planning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do improved water and electrical supplies in favelas directly impact the community?

    <p>Decreased risk of disease spread</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key negative consequence of favela clearances?

    <p>Displacement of the poorest residents to peripheral areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of pacification in favelas?

    <p>Removing gangs and making the area safer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant factor contributing to traffic congestion in Rio?

    <p>A 40% increase in car ownership over the last 10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the physical geography of Rio de Janeiro a challenge for transport infrastructure?

    <p>The presence of mountains and coastline limits road expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of limited bridging points across Guanabara Bay?

    <p>Severe traffic congestion and bottlenecks on the bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What difficulty does the National Park of Tijuca pose for Rio's transport network?

    <p>It makes it difficult to expand the road network in that area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely outcome of increased vehicle use in Rio?

    <p>Increased road accidents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a main issue with the Rio subway system?

    <p>Trains are often old and suffer from breakdowns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Engie traffic management system aim to improve traffic flow?

    <p>By synchronising traffic lights using real time data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a benefit of the cable car system for favela residents?

    <p>It provided a faster commute to and from work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the Rio-Niteroi Bridge?

    <p>It can still experience congestion at peak times due to high car ownership.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect has the reduction in fares on the Rio Metro had?

    <p>More people choosing public transport which reduces the number of cars on the road</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Housing Problems in Shanty Towns (Rio)

    • Overcrowding: Leads to lack of privacy in dwellings.
    • Lack of Utilities: Missing sewage systems, power, and basic water supply.
    • Basic Facilities: Shortage of schools, water and other necessities.
    • High Disease Rates: Contaminated water and food lead to cholera and other illnesses.
    • Landslide Risks: Location on unstable hillsides.
    • Crime and Gang Activity: Drug-related crime and gang presence are common issues.
    • Unemployment: High unemployment rates with low-paying, irregular work.
    • Poor Housing Quality: Unattractive dwellings made from scrap materials.
    • Illegal Construction: Often built without permits, leading to fear of eviction.
    • Difficult Access: Narrow streets and steep stairs make access tough.
    • Waste and Pollution: Difficulties with waste collection result in high litter and pollution.
    • Electricity Hazards: Inadequate electricity leads to risks of electrocution and fires.

    Strategies for Managing Housing Problems (Rio)

    • Self-Help Schemes: Government provides materials for dwellers to improve homes, including adding floors and sewage systems. This can reduce overcrowding and improve safety.
    • Site and Service Schemes: The government builds houses (site) that residents can buy or rent, and also develops community facilities (schools, healthcare) and infrastructure (roads). Examples include the Favela-Barrio Project.
    • Reforestation Initiatives: Planting trees on hillsides near favelas to prevent landslides and maintain soil stability.
    • Legal Rights: Granting residents legal rights to land promotes self-improvement and long-term planning, illustrated in Rocinha.
    • Improved Infrastructure: Water, electricity, and sewage connections improve the quality of life by reducing hygiene-related diseases.
    • Favela Clearances/Replacement: Demolition of favelas for other developments, sometimes replaced with high-rise apartments. This strategy has met with mixed success as it displaces many residents.
    • Pacification Programs: Police units entering favelas to remove gangs and improve safety.

    Transport Issues in Rio

    • Increased Car Ownership: A 40% rise in car ownership in the last decade has increased traffic congestion.
    • Limited Road Access: Lack of main roads accessing the city centre forces traffic onto fewer roads.
    • Difficult Terrain: Many residents live in steep favelas with limited public transport access.
    • Physical Constraints: Mountains, the coast, and the lack of bridges across Guanabara Bay limit road expansion.
    • Traffic Congestion: Bottlenecks and congestion are caused by limited routes and narrow bridges.
    • Limited Expansion Options: Protection of the Tijuca National Park restricts road construction.
    • Air Pollution: Road traffic contributes to air pollution and related health problems.

    Transport Management Strategies in Rio

    • Real-time Traffic Management: Use of cameras and traffic lights for real-time adjustments to traffic flow.
    • Cable Car Systems: Improvement in accessibility to and from favelas through cable car systems, but also criticized for cost.
    • Bridge Construction: Building the Rio-Niteroi Bridge shortened travel times and diverted traffic.
    • Road Construction: New roads like the Yellowline Expressway improved traffic flow, but also faced congestion in certain periods.
    • Public Transport Improvements: Fare reductions, extension of metro lines, and creation of new stations increased public transport use and decreased traffic on the road.
    • Light Rail System (VLT): Improvements in public transport availability in the city center.
    • BRT Corridors: Bus-only lanes (BRT) minimized travel times for bus passengers.
    • Bicycle Infrastructure: The Bike Rio scheme encourages sustainable transport and combats pollution.

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    Description

    Explore the various challenges faced by shanty towns in Rio. This quiz covers issues such as overcrowding, lack of utilities, high disease rates, and the impacts of crime and unemployment. Test your knowledge on the living conditions and infrastructural problems that residents encounter daily.

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