Hospital Pharmacy PP-501: Clinical Calculations
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the allegation method in pharmacy?

  • To assess pharmaceutical strengths.
  • To calculate patient dosages.
  • To prepare a mixture of an intermediate desired strength. (correct)
  • To interpret medication labels.

    • Which of the following is NOT a component involved in the pharmaceutical calculations covered in this course?

  • Interpretation of prescription notations.
  • Compounding pharmaceutical ingredients.
  • Calculating proportional parts.
  • Patient counseling techniques. (correct)

    • When preparing a liter of D12.5W using D70W and D5W, what does D stand for?

  • Determined
  • Dosage
  • Dilute
  • Dextrose (correct)

    • What is required to calculate the average of the calculated proportional parts?

    <p>The individual strengths of each component.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of pharmaceutical calculations, what does 'high conc.individual strengths' refer to?

    <p>The contributions of each ingredient in a mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the function of compounding in hospital pharmacy?

    <p>Customizing medication formulations for specific needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What preparatory step is essential before performing pharmaceutical calculations?

    <p>Identifying the components of the prescription.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which calculation would most likely be used to combine D70W and D5W?

    <p>Alligation calculation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total volume required by the physician in the given prescription?

    <p>8 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many tablets of Prednisone should be dispensed according to the prescription?

    <p>42 tablets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pharmaceutical equivalents must contain identical amounts of what?

    <p>The same active drug ingredient in the same dosage form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'qid' indicate in a prescription?

    <p>Four times a day</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of pharmaceutical equivalents?

    <p>Same inactive ingredients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total doses of 10 mg are prescribed for the first two days in the example?

    <p>30 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the prescription notation interpretation?

    <p>Correctly determining dosage frequency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of drug products qualify as pharmaceutical equivalents?

    <p>Identical in dosage form and active ingredient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate method to prepare a 1 liter of 20% alcohol solution using 90% and 10% alcohol solutions?

    <p>Combine 222 mL of 90% and 778 mL of 10% solutions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many milliliters of 50% dextrose solution must be added to 250 mL of a 10% solution to create a 12.5% solution?

    <p>16.7 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount of cortisone acetate in mg that must be present in 8 mL of an ophthalmic solution as prescribed?

    <p>100 mg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concentration of cortisone acetate is available for preparation in the provided ophthalmic solution?

    <p>2.5% stock solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume of the 2.5% cortisone acetate stock solution is required to achieve the desired 100 mg in 8 mL?

    <p>3.5 mL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What final concentration should be achieved when mixing the specified dextrose solutions?

    <p>12.5% dextrose solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When preparing a solution, which denotation is typically used for a percentage solution?

    <p>W/V% indicates weight per volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial concentration of the dextrose solution mentioned when determining how much 50% dextrose to add?

    <p>10% dextrose solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically indicated by the first letter of a generic medication name on a label?

    <p>It is usually lowercase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the generic name of Lantus Solostar?

    <p>Insulin Glargine (rDNA origin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is NOT typically included in the most important aspects of a medication label?

    <p>Name of the pharmacist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the route of administration for Augmentin, based on the label example?

    <p>Oral suspension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route is used for the administration of Lantus Solostar?

    <p>Subcutaneous injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount of drug in a Lantus Solostar container?

    <p>3 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which instruction is specified for the storage of Augmentin after reconstitution?

    <p>Refrigerate and use within 10 days.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do with Lantus Solostar after opening it?

    <p>Use within 28 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total amount of drug in the Augmentin container after reconstitution?

    <p>75 ml.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should prefilled pens of Lantus Solostar be stored?

    <p>Refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the unit dose on the medication label for Augmentin indicate?

    <p>5 ml per millilitre.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a crucial step in the preparation of Augmentin?

    <p>Ensure the inner seal is intact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of names are provided on medication labels?

    <p>Both generic and proprietary names.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines pharmaceutical alternatives?

    <p>Drugs containing the same therapeutic moiety but not necessarily in the same amount or form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes therapeutic equivalents?

    <p>They must demonstrate bioequivalence and have the same clinical effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications are considered pharmaceutical equivalents?

    <p>Extended-release and immediate-release formulations of the same drug.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bioequivalence is characterized by which of the following?

    <p>Similar rate and extent of absorption to the site of action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for drug products to be evaluated as therapeutically equivalent?

    <p>Demonstrated bioequivalence along with the same clinical safety profile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT true about therapeutic equivalents?

    <p>They must all be from the same manufacturer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an example of pharmaceutical alternatives?

    <p>Different strengths of the same immediate-release medication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which product would NOT be considered a therapeutic equivalent?

    <p>Two generic forms of the same brand medication with no bioequivalence data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hospital Pharmacy (PP-501)

    • Course: Third Level - First Semester (Clinical Pharmacy PHARMD)
    • Academic Year: 2024 - 2025
    • Institution: Mansoura National University
    • Lab 1 Topic: Pharmaceutical and clinical calculations

    Pharmaceutical and Clinical Calculations

    • Includes topics on:
      • Allegation
      • Interpretation of Prescription Notations
      • Interpretation of compounding instructions
      • Pharmaceutical alternative & equivalent
      • Interpretation of medication labels

    Allegation

    • A method for mixing preparations of known strengths to prepare a mixture of an intermediate desired strength
    • Useful for creating intermediate concentrations
    • Calculates strengths proportionally

    Prescription Notations

    • Includes abbreviations like:
      • Q (Every)
      • QOD (Every other day)
      • QD (Once a day)
      • BID (Twice a day)
      • QID (Four times a day)
      • TID (Three times a day)
      • PRN ("as needed")
      • MD (Maintainance dose)
      • LD (Loading dose)
      • D/C (Discontinue on discharge)
      • PO (Per-mouth)
      • NPO (Nothing per oral)
      • NS (Normal saline)
      • 1/2 NS (Half normal saline)
      • 1/4 NS (Quarter saline)
      • D5W (5% dextrose in water)
      • D20W (20% dextrose in water)
      • LR (Lactated ringers)

    Pharmaceutical Alternatives & Equivalents

    • Equivalents: Identical dosage forms and routes; contain identical amounts of the same active drug ingredient (salt or ester)
    • Alternatives: Identical therapeutic moiety (or precursor), but not necessarily same dosage form, salt, ester

    Medication Labels

    • Crucial information:
      • Name (generic & proprietary)
      • Dosage route
      • Unit dose (per mL, tablet, or capsule)
      • Total drug amount
      • Preparation instructions
      • Storage instructions
      • Expiration date
      • Batch number

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    Related Documents

    Hospital Pharmacy Lab 1 PDF, Mansoura National University

    Description

    Test your knowledge on pharmaceutical and clinical calculations essential for pharmacy practice. This quiz covers topics such as allegation, prescription notations, compounding instructions, and medication labels. Perfect for students in the Clinical Pharmacy PHARMD program.

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