Questions and Answers
According to Horney, most neuroses stem from?
childhood
An outstanding characteristic of people who adopt Horney's trend of moving toward people is?
compliance
According to Horney, the attempts of neurotics to find love typically result in?
basic anxiety
Horney's concept of humanity was based mostly on her clinical experiences with?
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Horney believed that people combat basic anxiety by adopting which mode of relating to people?
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Horney believed that the cultural contradictions of society lead to?
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Describe Horney's concept of humanity.
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Explain Horney's concept of intrapsychic conflicts.
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Briefly describe Horney's three neurotic trends.
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Critique social analytical psychology as a scientific theory.
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Study Notes
Horney's Psychoanalytic Social Theory
- Most neuroses originate from childhood experiences.
- Individuals adopting the trend of moving toward others exhibit compliance as a key characteristic.
- Neurotic attempts to find love often lead to feelings of basic anxiety.
- Horney's understanding of humanity primarily stems from her clinical work with neurotic patients.
Modes of Relating to Others
- People combat basic anxiety through three relational modes: moving against others, moving toward others, and moving away from others.
Cultural Influences
- Cultural contradictions in society can cause intrapsychic conflict within individuals.
Concept of Humanity
- Focuses on the importance of cultural and social factors during childhood and their influence on personality.
- Differentiates normal individuals from neurotic ones based on the degree of compulsiveness related to the three neurotic trends.
- Therapy can empower both neurotics and normal individuals to manage intrapsychic conflicts better.
- Horney believed that avoiding basic anxiety allows for the cultivation of healthy personalities, with self-realization as the ultimate goal.
- Childhood experiences can obstruct the pathway to self-realization, and neurotics may lack self-awareness about how their behaviors perpetuate their neuroses.
Intrapsychic Conflicts
- Originates from interpersonal experiences leading to two main conflicts:
- Idealized Self-Image: An inflated self-concept developed to achieve a stable identity. Compliant individuals view themselves as saintly, aggressive individuals as strong, and detached types as wise.
- Self-Hatred: Results from a disconnect between an individual's ideal self-image and reality, leading to self-accusation and self-destructive behaviors.
Three Neurotic Trends
- Moving toward people: Compliant individuals seek affection and approval, often at the cost of their own well-being.
- Moving against people: Aggressive individuals exploit others as a means of self-protection against perceived hostility.
- Moving away from people: Detached individuals seek emotional distance to protect themselves from feelings of isolation.
Critique of Social Analytical Psychology
- Horney's emphasis on neurosis limits the understanding of self-realized individuals.
- The theory struggles to generate research and lacks testable hypotheses for validation.
- Recent developments, such as the HCTI, have enabled measuring neurotic trends, addressing some limitations in research capacity.
- Provides valuable insights into nurturing child development within a warm environment, but lacks detailed recommendations for action.
- Rated low on internal consistency, though it organizes knowledge effectively about neurosis.
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Description
Test your understanding of Horney's Psychoanalytic Social Theory and its implications on neuroses and interpersonal relationships. Explore the modes of relating to others and the impact of cultural influences on personality development. This quiz also covers the differentiation between normal and neurotic individuals based on compulsiveness and neuroses.