Hormones Secreted by Endocrine Glands Quiz

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Which type of hormones have longer half-lives due to being hydrophobic?

Lipid hormones (correct)

Peptide hormones

Amine hormones

Protein hormones

What is the classification of hormones that are largely hydrophilic and have short half-lives?

Protein hormones (correct)

Peptide hormones

Lipid hormones

Amine hormones

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens?

Aromatase (correct)

17-hydroxylase

11-hydroxylase

21-hydroxylase

Which gland secretes the 17,20-lyase enzyme?

Adrenal gland Signup and view all the answers

Which glands are included in the discussion of hormone secretion in the chapter?

Hypothalamus and pituitary Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for body growth and basal metabolic functions?

GH Signup and view all the answers

What is the main regulatory mechanism for TSH production?

Circulating serum T4 levels Signup and view all the answers

What hormone initiates follicular maturation and estrogen production in women?

GnRH Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production?

FShe Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is involved in lactation?

GnRH Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is involved in the regulation of ADH?

Nipple stimulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a hormone in the body?

Regulate and control the activity of other bodily functions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way in which hormones can be transported in the body?

Exocrine Signup and view all the answers

What system is composed of glands that produce hormones?

Endocrine system Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a chemical substance that sends messages to other cells in the body?

Hormone Signup and view all the answers

In endocrinology, what can positive and negative feedback mechanisms help regulate?

Hormone levels in the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential aspect for a clinical laboratorian to be able to do after completing this chapter?

Correlate laboratory results with disease states and endocrine disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the R-cells in the zona reticularis?

Produce 19-carbon steroids Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is known to regulate androgens that are produced by the zona reticularis?

ACTH Signup and view all the answers

What are the main manifestations of adrenal hyperandrogenism?

Virilization in men and women Signup and view all the answers

What are DHEA and DHEA-S precursors to?

Androgens and estrogens Signup and view all the answers

What causes adverse effects related to DHEA and DHEA-S?

Conversion to active androgens in adrenal and peripheral tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of androgen excess (androgen precursor)?

Virilization in women and children Signup and view all the answers

How are circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) involved in adrenal steroidogenesis?

They accumulate and store in adrenal parenchymal cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acetylCoA in adrenal steroidogenesis?

It synthesizes additional cholesterol in the adrenal gland. Signup and view all the answers

What initiates steroid production in adrenal mitochondria?

Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme Signup and view all the answers

How is newly synthesized pregnenolone further processed in adrenal steroidogenesis?

It undergoes zonal conversion by microsomal enzymes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in adrenal steroidogenesis?

To stimulate steroid production Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for removing cholesterol from pregnenolone in the mitochondrial membrane?

(CYP450) enzyme Signup and view all the answers