Hormones Secreted by Endocrine Glands Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of hormones have longer half-lives due to being hydrophobic?

  • Lipid hormones (correct)
  • Peptide hormones
  • Amine hormones
  • Protein hormones

What is the classification of hormones that are largely hydrophilic and have short half-lives?

  • Protein hormones (correct)
  • Peptide hormones
  • Lipid hormones
  • Amine hormones

Which enzyme is responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens?

  • Aromatase (correct)
  • 17-hydroxylase
  • 11-hydroxylase
  • 21-hydroxylase

Which gland secretes the 17,20-lyase enzyme?

<p>Adrenal gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which glands are included in the discussion of hormone secretion in the chapter?

<p>Hypothalamus and pituitary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for body growth and basal metabolic functions?

<p>GH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main regulatory mechanism for TSH production?

<p>Circulating serum T4 levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone initiates follicular maturation and estrogen production in women?

<p>GnRH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone regulates cortisol and androgen production?

<p>FShe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is involved in lactation?

<p>GnRH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is involved in the regulation of ADH?

<p>Nipple stimulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a hormone in the body?

<p>Regulate and control the activity of other bodily functions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way in which hormones can be transported in the body?

<p>Exocrine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What system is composed of glands that produce hormones?

<p>Endocrine system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a chemical substance that sends messages to other cells in the body?

<p>Hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In endocrinology, what can positive and negative feedback mechanisms help regulate?

<p>Hormone levels in the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an essential aspect for a clinical laboratorian to be able to do after completing this chapter?

<p>Correlate laboratory results with disease states and endocrine disorders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the R-cells in the zona reticularis?

<p>Produce 19-carbon steroids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is known to regulate androgens that are produced by the zona reticularis?

<p>ACTH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main manifestations of adrenal hyperandrogenism?

<p>Virilization in men and women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are DHEA and DHEA-S precursors to?

<p>Androgens and estrogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes adverse effects related to DHEA and DHEA-S?

<p>Conversion to active androgens in adrenal and peripheral tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of androgen excess (androgen precursor)?

<p>Virilization in women and children (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) involved in adrenal steroidogenesis?

<p>They accumulate and store in adrenal parenchymal cells. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of acetylCoA in adrenal steroidogenesis?

<p>It synthesizes additional cholesterol in the adrenal gland. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates steroid production in adrenal mitochondria?

<p>Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is newly synthesized pregnenolone further processed in adrenal steroidogenesis?

<p>It undergoes zonal conversion by microsomal enzymes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in adrenal steroidogenesis?

<p>To stimulate steroid production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for removing cholesterol from pregnenolone in the mitochondrial membrane?

<p>(CYP450) enzyme (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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