22 Questions
Which hormone directly stimulates the production of glucocorticoids in the adrenal cortex?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
What are the primary stimuli for the release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)?
Fever, hypoglycemia, and stressors
How does the body respond to increasing levels of glucocorticoids?
Decreased secretion of CRH and ACTH
Which gland is primarily responsible for secreting thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Pituitary gland
What is the effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on the pituitary gland?
It stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Which factor is NOT directly associated with regulating the secretion of ACTH?
Increased levels of glucose
What is the role of permissiveness in hormone function?
One hormone's effect is dependent on the presence of another hormone.
Which scenario best illustrates hormone synergism?
Glucagon and epinephrine together increasing glucose release significantly.
How can hormonal antagonism affect metabolic processes?
Downregulating receptor expression required for another hormone.
What mechanism controls blood levels of hormones?
Negative feedback systems.
What initiates the secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Declining blood calcium levels.
Which hormones are released by the adrenal medulla in response to neural stimuli?
Catecholamines.
What is another name for growth hormone (GH)?
Somatotropic hormone
Which of the following is a direct metabolic effect of GH?
Increased rate of protein synthesis
Which hormone inhibits GH release by providing feedback to the hypothalamus?
Somatostatin
What condition is characterized by overgrowth of bones in the hands, feet, and face due to GH hypersecretion after the epiphyseal plates have closed?
Acromegaly
What intermediate substances does GH primarily exert its effects through?
Somatomedins
Which property is associated with pituitary dwarfism caused by GH deficiency in children?
Normal body proportions
Which of the following stimulates GH secretion?
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)
In contrast to GH's general growth-promoting effects, what specific differentiation effect does GH have?
Inducing differentiation of bone growth cells
What metabolic effect is known as the 'anti-insulin effect' of GH?
Decreased rate of glucose utilization
What is a common cause of acromegaly?
Tumor in the anterior pituitary gland
This quiz covers the functions of various hormones, including enkephalin, beta endorphin, and growth hormone, as well as the physiological roles of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus. Learn about appetite control, melanin synthesis, and growth regulation.
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