Hormones and Insulin Regulation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of insulin in the human body?

  • Stimulating hunger
  • Regulating blood pressure
  • Modulating kidney function
  • Controlling plasma glucose concentrations (correct)
  • Which of the following processes is NOT directly influenced by insulin?

  • Glycogen synthesis
  • Vasodilation (correct)
  • Glucose uptake in muscles
  • Renal glucose reabsorption
  • What is the primary goal of insulin's action on glucose metabolism?

  • Reducing glucose transport
  • Increasing glucose storage
  • Enhancing glucose breakdown
  • Maintaining glucose homeostasis (correct)
  • In which tissues does insulin primarily facilitate glucose uptake?

    <p>Adipose tissue and liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of insulin's action on glucose metabolism?

    <p>Decreased glucose levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the hyperglycaemic actions of certain hormones when plasma insulin concentrations are low?

    <p>They are enhanced</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the secretion of counter-regulatory hormones on the action of insulin?

    <p>They oppose the action of insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which conditions may the secretion of counter-regulatory hormones increase?

    <p>Stress and certain endocrine disorders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between insulin and the counter-regulatory hormones mentioned in the text?

    <p>They have an antagonistic effect on glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the context in which the hyperglycaemic actions of hormones like growth hormone, glucocorticoids, adrenaline, and glucagon become apparent?

    <p>When plasma insulin concentrations are low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of controlling postprandial plasma glucose concentration?

    <p>Regulating renal glucose reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of insulin signaling in the context of glucose homeostasis?

    <p>Promoting glucose storage in the liver and muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of glucose transport in muscle cells?

    <p>Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake through GLUT4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormonal regulator of blood sugar levels in the postprandial state?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of uncontrolled postprandial plasma glucose concentration?

    <p>Hyperglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

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