18 Questions
Where does hormone synthesis take place for steroid hormones?
Mitochondria
Which type of hormone binds to a cell surface receptor to activate downstream signaling?
Paracrine hormone
What is the main function of the complex formed by steroid hormones and intracellular receptors?
Control gene expression
Which type of receptor is involved in activating the Jak/STAT signaling pathway?
Intracellular receptor
What is the immediate release of hormones called upon stimulation?
Constitutive release
What is the second messenger involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling?
$IP_3$
Which type of hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream from endocrine glands?
Endocrine hormones
Which gland helps regulate the level of calcium in the blood?
Parathyroid glands
Which type of hormones can cross the plasma membrane due to their lipid solubility?
Thyroid hormones
What is the main factor used for the classification of hormones discussed in the text?
Solubility
Which hormone type acts on receptors located on different cells than where it was produced?
Paracrine hormones
What is the main difference between water-soluble and lipid-soluble hormones?
Lipid-soluble hormones can directly enter target cells
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism for regulating hormone secretion?
Genetic factors determining hormone receptor expression
What is the process by which a hormone can increase or decrease the sensitivity of its target cells to itself or other hormones?
Up/downregulation
Which of the following describes the interaction between hormones where one hormone cannot exert its full effect without the presence of another hormone?
Permissiveness
What is the term used to describe the process where more than one hormone produces the same effect on a target cell, and their combined effects are amplified?
Synergism
Which of the following describes the process where a hormone acts on and regulates cells that are in close proximity to the cells that produced the hormone?
Paracrine signaling
Which of the following describes the process where a hormone acts on and regulates the same cells that produced the hormone?
Autocrine signaling
Test your knowledge on how hormones are regulated and how hormone sensitivity can change in the body. Topics include feedback mechanisms, regulation by signals from the nervous system, chemical changes in the blood, hormonal control, upregulation, downregulation, and humoral stimuli.
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