Hormone Receptors and Categorization Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of hormone receptors bind hormones outside the cell?

  • Intracellular receptors
  • Nuclear receptors
  • Extracellular receptors (correct)
  • Plasma membrane receptors
  • Which type of hormones can freely pass through the cell membrane and bind to intracellular receptors?

  • Polar, water-soluble hormones
  • Protein hormones
  • Non-polar, lipid-soluble hormones (correct)
  • Peptide hormones
  • Which endocrine gland is considered the 'master' gland and receives a lot of sensory input?

  • Pituitary gland
  • Thyroid gland
  • Hypothalamus (correct)
  • Adrenal gland
  • Which endocrine gland is responsible for regulating normal metabolism?

    <p>Thyroid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which endocrine gland is responsible for blood glucose regulation?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is both an endocrine and exocrine gland?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the kidney, according to the passage?

    <p>Waste removal and urine formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating red blood cell production, according to the passage?

    <p>Erythropoietin (EPO)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the intestines, according to the passage?

    <p>Absorption of nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the heart, according to the passage?

    <p>Monitoring and generating blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the thymus, according to the passage?

    <p>Production of thymic hormones that stimulate T-cell maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the testes, according to the passage?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nuclei in the hypothalamus are responsible for producing vasopressin (ADH) and oxytocin (OXT)?

    <p>Supraoptic nuclei and Paraventricular nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the inferior hypophyseal stalk (inferior HPS)?

    <p>It carries hormones of the posterior pituitary into the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hormone receptors on cells?

    <p>To bind specific hormones, resulting in cellular changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hormone receptors do water-soluble hormones, such as peptide and amino acid hormones, bind to?

    <p>Extracellular receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the hypophyseal portal system?

    <p>To transport hormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of capillaries are found in the hypophyseal portal system?

    <p>Fenestrated capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about pancreatic islets is correct?

    <p>They are also known as the islets of Langerhans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of insulin secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets?

    <p>To lower blood glucose levels (BGLs).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about glucagon is incorrect?

    <p>It stimulates the breakdown of glycogen and triglycerides in the liver and skeletal muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pancreas?

    <p>Both (a) and (b) are correct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of high blood glucose levels (BGLs) in diabetes?

    <p>Faulty glucose metabolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of glucosuria (presence of glucose in urine) in diabetes?

    <p>It is an indicator of high blood glucose levels (BGLs) overwhelming the kidney's ability to reabsorb glucose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of up-regulation and down-regulation of hormone receptors?

    <p>To maintain cellular sensitivity to hormone levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of calcium as a secondary messenger?

    <p>To regulate the activity of cytoplasmic enzymes and cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does cyclic AMP (cAMP) influence cellular activity?

    <p>By activating kinase enzymes that phosphorylate and activate other molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of G-proteins in the context of secondary messenger systems?

    <p>To activate or inhibit the production of cyclic AMP or calcium release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of hormone signaling, what is the primary function of kinase enzymes?

    <p>To phosphorylate and activate other molecules, leading to cellular responses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of calmodulin in the calcium secondary messenger system?

    <p>To bind calcium and activate cytoplasmic enzymes involved in various cellular processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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