Hormone Mechanisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism for protein-based hormones to work?

  • They rely on the receptor to produce second messengers
  • They activate the 2nd messenger system (correct)
  • They bind on the inside of the cell
  • They do not have a specific mechanism

    • Why are the second messengers called '2nd messengers'?

  • Because the hormone is the 1st messenger (correct)
  • Because they bind on the outside of the cell
  • Because they activate the receptor
  • Because they are released by the hormone

    • What happens when protein-based hormones bind on the outside of the cell?

  • They release second messengers
  • They produce steroid-based hormones
  • They enter the cell immediately
  • They activate the receptor (correct)

    • What is the function of steroid-based hormones?

    <p>To bind on the inside of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones rely on the 2nd messenger system for their action?

    <p>Protein-based hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do protein and peptide hormones have to rely on activating the receptor for their action?

    <p>Because they cannot cross the cell membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cyclic AMP in the cellular process?

    <p>It activates protein kinases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of g proteins in the cellular process described?

    <p>Activates adenylate cyclase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is involved in the production of cyclic AMP?

    <p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of protein kinases in the cellular process?

    <p>Add a phosphate group to enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is produced by adenylate cyclase?

    <p>Cyclic AMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of adenylate cyclase in the cellular process?

    <p>To produce cyclic AMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activates the g proteins in the cellular process?

    <p>Hormone binding to the receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of ATP in the production of cyclic AMP?

    <p>Donates phosphate groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protein-based hormones bind on the ______ of the cell

    <p>outside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Steroid-based hormones bind on the ______ of the cell

    <p>inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 2nd messenger system relies on the activation of the ______

    <p>receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The production of 2nd messengers occurs on the ______ of the cell

    <p>inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 1st messenger is the ______

    <p>hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 2nd messengers are produced on the ______ of the cell

    <p>inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ATP stands for adenosine ______

    <p>triphosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cyclic AMP is a type of ______

    <p>second messenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    AMP is a molecule with ______ phosphate group

    <p>one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'c' in cyclic AMP stands for ______

    <p>cyclic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adenylate cyclase produces ______

    <p>cyclic AMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protein kinases add a ______ group

    <p>phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of adding a phosphate to enzymes is called ______

    <p>phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phosphorylation makes certain enzymes more ______

    <p>active</p> Signup and view all the answers

    G proteins activate an enzyme called ______ cyclase

    <p>adenylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The activation of g proteins is triggered by hormone ______

    <p>binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

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