Hormone Mechanisms Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism for protein-based hormones to work?

  • They rely on the receptor to produce second messengers
  • They activate the 2nd messenger system (correct)
  • They bind on the inside of the cell
  • They do not have a specific mechanism

Why are the second messengers called '2nd messengers'?

  • Because the hormone is the 1st messenger (correct)
  • Because they bind on the outside of the cell
  • Because they activate the receptor
  • Because they are released by the hormone

What happens when protein-based hormones bind on the outside of the cell?

  • They release second messengers
  • They produce steroid-based hormones
  • They enter the cell immediately
  • They activate the receptor (correct)

What is the function of steroid-based hormones?

<p>To bind on the inside of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones rely on the 2nd messenger system for their action?

<p>Protein-based hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do protein and peptide hormones have to rely on activating the receptor for their action?

<p>Because they cannot cross the cell membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cyclic AMP in the cellular process?

<p>It activates protein kinases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of g proteins in the cellular process described?

<p>Activates adenylate cyclase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is involved in the production of cyclic AMP?

<p>Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of protein kinases in the cellular process?

<p>Add a phosphate group to enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is produced by adenylate cyclase?

<p>Cyclic AMP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of adenylate cyclase in the cellular process?

<p>To produce cyclic AMP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What activates the g proteins in the cellular process?

<p>Hormone binding to the receptor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ATP in the production of cyclic AMP?

<p>Donates phosphate groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protein-based hormones bind on the ______ of the cell

<p>outside</p> Signup and view all the answers

Steroid-based hormones bind on the ______ of the cell

<p>inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 2nd messenger system relies on the activation of the ______

<p>receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

The production of 2nd messengers occurs on the ______ of the cell

<p>inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 1st messenger is the ______

<p>hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 2nd messengers are produced on the ______ of the cell

<p>inside</p> Signup and view all the answers

ATP stands for adenosine ______

<p>triphosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cyclic AMP is a type of ______

<p>second messenger</p> Signup and view all the answers

AMP is a molecule with ______ phosphate group

<p>one</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'c' in cyclic AMP stands for ______

<p>cyclic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adenylate cyclase produces ______

<p>cyclic AMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

Protein kinases add a ______ group

<p>phosphate</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of adding a phosphate to enzymes is called ______

<p>phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Phosphorylation makes certain enzymes more ______

<p>active</p> Signup and view all the answers

G proteins activate an enzyme called ______ cyclase

<p>adenylate</p> Signup and view all the answers

The activation of g proteins is triggered by hormone ______

<p>binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

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