Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the relationship between hormone levels and target cell receptors when hormone levels are low?
What is the relationship between hormone levels and target cell receptors when hormone levels are low?
- Target cells become resistant to hormones.
- Target cells form more receptors in response to low hormone levels. (correct)
- Target cells lose receptors due to high hormone levels.
- Target cells maintain the same number of receptors regardless of hormone levels.
Which factor does NOT affect target cell activation by hormones?
Which factor does NOT affect target cell activation by hormones?
- Temperature of the surrounding environment (correct)
- Number of receptors on the target cell
- Affinity of binding between receptor and hormone
- Blood levels of the hormone
What does down-regulation of receptors in target cells indicate?
What does down-regulation of receptors in target cells indicate?
- A decrease in hormone levels.
- A decrease in the number of receptors due to high hormone levels. (correct)
- An increase in hormone production.
- An increase in receptor affinity for the hormone.
Hormones circulate in the bloodstream but affect only specific cells. What are these cells called?
Hormones circulate in the bloodstream but affect only specific cells. What are these cells called?
How do hormones affect target cells at the membrane level?
How do hormones affect target cells at the membrane level?
Flashcards
Hormone-cell specificity
Hormone-cell specificity
The ability of a hormone to affect only specific cells in the body. This is determined by the presence of specific receptors on the target cell.
Hormones
Hormones
Chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to target cells.
Blood levels of hormone
Blood levels of hormone
The amount of hormone present in the blood.
Number of receptors
Number of receptors
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Affinity of binding
Affinity of binding
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Study Notes
Hormone Cell Specificity
- Hormones circulate systemically, yet only cells with specific receptors are affected.
Target Cell Activation
- Activation depends on three factors:
- Blood hormone levels
- Relative receptor numbers on target cells
- Affinity (binding strength) between receptor and hormone
Up-Regulation
- Target cells create more receptors in response to low hormone levels.
- This increases the number of receptors.
Down-Regulation
- Target cells lose receptors with high hormone levels.
- This reduces the number of receptors.
Hormone Effects on Target Cells
- Hormones modify target cell activity.
- They alter plasma membrane permeability and/or membrane potential.
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Description
This quiz explores the specificity of hormone actions on target cells, including mechanisms like up-regulation and down-regulation. Understand how hormone levels and receptor interactions influence cellular responses. Test your knowledge on hormone effects and receptor dynamics!
