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Hormone Cell Specificity and Regulation

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Questions and Answers

What is the relationship between hormone levels and target cell receptors when hormone levels are low?

Target cells become resistant to hormones.

Target cells form more receptors in response to low hormone levels. (correct)

Target cells lose receptors due to high hormone levels.

Target cells maintain the same number of receptors regardless of hormone levels.

Which factor does NOT affect target cell activation by hormones?

Temperature of the surrounding environment (correct)

Number of receptors on the target cell

Affinity of binding between receptor and hormone

Blood levels of the hormone

What does down-regulation of receptors in target cells indicate?

A decrease in hormone levels.

A decrease in the number of receptors due to high hormone levels. (correct)

An increase in hormone production.

An increase in receptor affinity for the hormone.

Hormones circulate in the bloodstream but affect only specific cells. What are these cells called?

<p>Target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do hormones affect target cells at the membrane level?

<p>They alter plasma membrane permeability or membrane potential.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hormone Cell Specificity

Hormones circulate systemically, yet only cells with specific receptors are affected.

Target Cell Activation

Activation depends on three factors:
- Blood hormone levels
- Relative receptor numbers on target cells
- Affinity (binding strength) between receptor and hormone

Up-Regulation

Target cells create more receptors in response to low hormone levels.
This increases the number of receptors.

Down-Regulation

Target cells lose receptors with high hormone levels.
This reduces the number of receptors.

Hormone Effects on Target Cells

Hormones modify target cell activity.
They alter plasma membrane permeability and/or membrane potential.

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Description

This quiz explores the specificity of hormone actions on target cells, including mechanisms like up-regulation and down-regulation. Understand how hormone levels and receptor interactions influence cellular responses. Test your knowledge on hormone effects and receptor dynamics!