Hormonal Regulation of Calcium Level
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for increasing calcium absorption in the small intestine?

  • Insulin
  • Calcitriol (correct)
  • Calcitonin
  • Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
  • What is the primary effect of parathyroid hormone on the kidneys?

  • Increase calcium excretion
  • Decrease calcium reabsorption
  • No effect on calcium levels
  • Increase calcium reabsorption (correct)
  • Where are the parathyroid glands located?

  • Above the kidneys
  • Behind the thyroid gland (correct)
  • In the brain
  • Next to the adrenal glands
  • Which hormone is released when blood calcium levels fall?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does PTH stimulate an increase in blood calcium levels via the bones?

    <p>It stimulates bone resorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of activated vitamin D in calcium regulation?

    <p>It increases calcium absorption in the intestines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hormones Regulating Calcium Levels

    • Three hormones regulate the level of calcium in the blood: parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitriol (1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D), and calcitonin.

    Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

    • Produced by the parathyroid glands, four small, pea-sized glands located behind the thyroid gland.
    • Released when the level of calcium in the blood falls.
    • Increases the level of calcium in the blood through three mechanisms:
      • Stimulates bone resorption, releasing calcium stored in the bone.
      • Increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing calcium loss through urine.
      • Stimulates the activation of vitamin D in the kidneys.

    Vitamin D Activation

    • Activated vitamin D (calcitriol) is essential for the small intestine to absorb more calcium from the diet into the bloodstream.

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    Description

    Learn about the three hormones involved in regulating the level of calcium in the blood, including parathyroid hormone, calcitriol, and calcitonin.

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