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Questions and Answers
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for increasing calcium absorption in the small intestine?
Which of the following hormones is primarily responsible for increasing calcium absorption in the small intestine?
- Insulin
- Calcitriol (correct)
- Calcitonin
- Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
What is the primary effect of parathyroid hormone on the kidneys?
What is the primary effect of parathyroid hormone on the kidneys?
- Increase calcium excretion
- Decrease calcium reabsorption
- No effect on calcium levels
- Increase calcium reabsorption (correct)
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
- Above the kidneys
- Behind the thyroid gland (correct)
- In the brain
- Next to the adrenal glands
Which hormone is released when blood calcium levels fall?
Which hormone is released when blood calcium levels fall?
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How does PTH stimulate an increase in blood calcium levels via the bones?
How does PTH stimulate an increase in blood calcium levels via the bones?
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What is the role of activated vitamin D in calcium regulation?
What is the role of activated vitamin D in calcium regulation?
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Study Notes
Hormones Regulating Calcium Levels
- Three hormones regulate the level of calcium in the blood: parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitriol (1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D), and calcitonin.
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
- Produced by the parathyroid glands, four small, pea-sized glands located behind the thyroid gland.
- Released when the level of calcium in the blood falls.
- Increases the level of calcium in the blood through three mechanisms:
- Stimulates bone resorption, releasing calcium stored in the bone.
- Increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, reducing calcium loss through urine.
- Stimulates the activation of vitamin D in the kidneys.
Vitamin D Activation
- Activated vitamin D (calcitriol) is essential for the small intestine to absorb more calcium from the diet into the bloodstream.
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Description
Learn about the three hormones involved in regulating the level of calcium in the blood, including parathyroid hormone, calcitriol, and calcitonin.
