18 Questions
Which type of transduction involves the transfer of only genes located near the chromosomal integration site of the bacteriophage?
Specialized transduction
In bacterial transformation, what types of bacteria are known to be capable of transforming?
Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Which cells are able to take up naked DNA from the environment in the process of transformation?
Competent cells
What is the main difference between generalized and specialized transduction?
The type of genes transferred
During which cycle does specialized transduction occur?
Lysogenic cycle
What limits the number of genes transferred in any one phage capsid during generalized transduction?
Size of the phage head
What is the primary mechanism of horizontal gene transfer involving the uptake of naked DNA from the environment?
Transformation
In Griffith's Transformation Experiments, what happened when the heat-killed S strain was combined with the live R strain?
The mice died
Which mechanism of horizontal gene transfer involves the use of a hollow tube called a conjugation pilus to transfer genes between cells?
Conjugation
What is the process by which genes are transferred between cells by a virus (bacteriophage)?
Transduction
Which term describes the uptake of naked DNA from the environment by a cell?
Transformation
In specialized transduction, what type of genes are packaged into the viral capsid during the transduction process?
Only specific host genes near the site of integration
Which type of mutation results in the addition of one or more nucleotides?
Insertion
What type of mutation involves the movement of a sequence fragment from one place to another?
Transposition
Which class of mutation results in the restoration of a mutated sequence to its original form?
Reversion
What occurs in a frameshift mutation?
Shifting of the reading frame
Which type of mutation does not change the amino acid sequence of the translated ORF?
Silent mutation
In which type of mutation does a point mutation change an amino acid codon to a stop codon?
Nonsense mutation
Explore the three primary mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in prokaryotes: Transformation, Transduction, and Conjugation. Learn how genetic material is introduced from one organism to another within the same generation.
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