Hoover's Response to the Great Depression

<p>To provide relief, recovery, and reform to combat the effects of the depression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He believed in localism, volunteerism, and a more individualistic approach. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A hands-off policy, believing downturns were natural occurrences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Encouraging voluntary cooperation from citizens to overcome the crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Businesses largely ignored Hoover's recommendations, prioritizing their individual survival by cutting wages and laying off workers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The voluntary cooperation initiative among businesses, labors, and citizens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>His programs relied too much on voluntary cooperation instead of mandatory directives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Government to reduce taxes, lower interest rates, and create public works programs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He encouraged business to find their common goals with eachother (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They thought it would save their businesses from failing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He believed they were a revolutionary group attempting to overthrow the government. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complete reliance on state and local governments and volunteer efforts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To give loans to businesses, banks, and railroads in hope to stimulate the economy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hoover sent the army to remove them, while Roosevelt sent his wife to engage them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People prioritized self-interest over cooperation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>She became the first woman Cabinet member, serving as Secretary of Labor under Roosevelt. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The widespread unemployment and economic hardship caused by the Depression. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>She was his 'eyes and ears', interacting with the American people and offering the president insights. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He didn't act quickly enough, thereby allowing the economic crisis to deepen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of influential professionals and academics who provided advice on the New Deal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He nominated two Republicans, Henry Wallace and Harold Ickes, to cabinet positions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That he had completely failed to deal with the economic hardships. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trickle-down economics, where aiding businesses would benefit the general population. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They shocked the nation and further damaged Hoover's chances of reelection. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He thought it was a naturally occurring phenomenon that should run its own course. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They were ridiculed and nicknamed 'Hoovervilles' due to dissatisfaction with the President. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To obtain early payment of bonuses promised to them for their World War I service. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He ordered the use of military force, resulting in physical harm and tear gas against the veterans. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They argued the free market's ability to regulate itself was flawed, leading to wealth inequality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The state-run economy of the Soviet Union. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>His wife, Eleanor Roosevelt, traveled extensively and reported back to him on the people’s concerns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rugged individualism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assuming that government intervention was not needed because the economy could fix itself. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was not successful, as businesses cut wages and laid off workers instead of sustaining them. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The belief that state and local governments should handle the relief. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>That loans provided to businesses and banks did not help create jobs at the grass roots level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The construction of the Hoover Dam. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many Americans became critical of capitalism, but still preferred it over other economic or political forms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>His inability to effectively address and end the Great Depression and increasing poverty. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They could effectively solve problems without federal intervention. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It assumed that individuals could overcome severe economic challenges alone. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reconstruction Finance Corporation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It failed to ensure loans reached workers effectively. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They highlighted the suffering and homelessness among Americans. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They saw it as ineffective and slow to respond. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They demanded immediate payment of bonuses. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acceptance of socialism or communism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It failed to actually benefit the lower economic classes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He was seen as a symbol of failure during the Great Depression. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To boost employment through a public works project. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Makeshift vehicles used by the homeless. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They believed it would divert funds from essential services. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A strong sense of nationalism and patriotism. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hoover's initial belief that the government should not intervene in economic downturns, viewing them as natural cycles.

Hoover's attempt to address the Depression by encouraging businesses and individuals to voluntarily cooperate to maintain employment, wages, and prices.

Hoover's belief that individuals should prioritize the good of the nation over their own self-interest during an economic crisis.

The failure of Hoover's plan due to businesses and individuals prioritizing their own interests (like cutting wages and laying off workers) rather than cooperating for the national good.

Hoover's approach of encouraging, rather than mandating, American economic recovery.

The ineffective nature of Hoover's reliance on voluntary cooperation during the Great Depression.

The economic downturn that began in 1929 and lasted throughout the 1930s.

The President of the United States during the Great Depression, who implemented various policies to address the economic crisis.

Herbert Hoover's belief that individuals should rely on themselves and local communities for support, rather than government intervention.

A group of advisors assembled by Franklin D. Roosevelt to help him address the Great Depression. It consisted of Democrats and Republicans.

The New Deal focused on providing relief to the unemployed and the poor, helping the economy recover, and reforming economic systems to prevent future depressions.

The Bonus Army was a group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C., demanding early payment of their promised bonus. Hoover's forceful response to their protest further damaged his image as a leader.

Eleanor Roosevelt played a key role in her husband's presidency by acting as his representative and advocate. She traveled across the country, listening to the concerns of ordinary Americans and informing FDR about their needs.

The belief that problems can be best addressed and solved at the local and state levels, rather than by the federal government.

A term used to describe the shantytowns that arose during the Great Depression, filled with homeless people who lost their homes due to economic hardship.

The belief that putting money into the hands of the wealthy will eventually benefit the whole economy, as the wealth will 'trickle down' to the lower economic classes.

A government agency created in 1932 to provide loans to businesses, banks, and railroads in an effort to stimulate the economy during the Great Depression.

A massive public works project, later renamed Hoover Dam, built on the Colorado River during the early 1930s. It provided employment opportunities during the Great Depression.

An economic and political ideology that promotes state control over the economy and society, often with a focus on national unity and strength.

A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington D.C. in 1932 to demand early payment of their promised bonus.

A law passed in 1924 that promised a lump-sum payment to veterans of World War I in 1945.

A political system that advocates for social ownership and control of the means of production, distribution, and exchange.

A political and economic ideology that emphasizes the abolition of private property and the establishment of a classless society.

The economic system characterized by private ownership of the means of production and distribution, a free market, and competition.

President Herbert Hoover's belief that people and businesses should solve the economic crisis without the need for government intervention.

A political system based on the principles of majority rule and individual representation.

President Herbert Hoover's belief that state and local governments should handle the economic crisis, not the federal government.

A significant decline in economic activity marked by high unemployment, reduced production, and a decrease in consumer spending.

A group of World War I veterans who marched on Washington, D.C. in 1932 to demand early payment of bonuses promised by Congress.

The policy of providing direct financial assistance to individuals in need, typically through government programs.

President Herbert Hoover's use of force against the Bonus Army, resulting in tear gas and bayonets being used against the veterans.

The belief that capitalism, the system that creates wealthy individuals and large corporations, had failed and was to blame for the Great Depression.

The belief that socialism or communism, systems where the government controls resources and industries, were solutions to the Great Depression.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's belief in using the federal government's power to address the economic crisis.

The Hoover Dam, built during the early 1930s, provided much-needed jobs, representing one of Hoover's few successful projects.

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, elected in 1932, who introduced the New Deal to address the Great Depression.

Eleanor Roosevelt, FDR's wife, who played an active role in public affairs, traveling across the country and reporting back to FDR on people's concerns.

General Douglas MacArthur, the military leader who led the forced eviction of the Bonus Army from Washington, D.C.

Hoover's belief that the government should not intervene in the economy during a depression, allowing natural market forces to balance themselves out.

Hoover's strategy to encourage businesses, individuals, and charities to voluntarily maintain employment, wages, and production levels during the depression.

Hoover's approach that placed the responsibility for handling the depression on local authorities, believing that state and local governments were better equipped to address the issues than the federal government.

The failure of Hoover's hands-off policy, volunteerism, and faith in localism to address the economic depression as businesses cut wages, laid off workers, and individuals prioritised self-interest over cooperation.

The ineffective nature of the RFC, as businesses and banks did not pass on the benefits of the loans to workers, failing to achieve the desired economic revival.

General MacArthur's deployment of military force to remove the Bonus Army from Washington, D.C., using tear gas and even fixed bayonets, which shocked the nation and further damaged Hoover's image.

The public's shock and outrage at the use of military force against the Bonus Army, which further eroded Hoover's popularity and contributed to his defeat in the upcoming election.

The argument by some during the depression that socialism or communism were the only viable solutions to the economic crisis, as capitalism had failed to provide for the people.

The American people's overwhelming desire for change after the devastating effects of the Great Depression, leading to a landslide victory for Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1932 presidential election.

The contrast between Hoover's background in business and Roosevelt's privileged upbringing, highlighting the different perspectives they had on the role of government.

Roosevelt's commitment to public service and serving the needs of the people, reflecting his belief in the government's responsibility to help those in need.