Hoover's Response to the Great Depression

Hoover's approach of relying on individual initiative and local solutions to solve the Great Depression problem. He believed in minimal government intervention and promoted volunteerism.

A group of experts assembled by Franklin D. Roosevelt to advise him on policies and strategies to combat the Great Depression.

A series of programs and policies implemented by Franklin D. Roosevelt to address the Great Depression. It aimed to provide relief for unemployed Americans, promote economic recovery, and implement reforms in the economy.

Eleanor Roosevelt's role in her husband's presidency. She traveled extensively, listened to people's concerns, and acted as a conduit between the administration and the public.

The inability of Hoover's policies to effectively alleviate the Great Depression, leading to widespread dissatisfaction and ultimately his defeat in the 1932 presidential election.

Hoover believed that government should not interfere with the natural ups and downs of the business cycle, as they were like storms that could be weathered without government intervention.

Hoover's initial approach to addressing the Great Depression was to encourage businesses and labor to voluntarily work together to maintain employment, wages, and prices.

Hoover encouraged businesses to keep wages and prices stable, while also calling for government actions to lower taxes, reduce interest rates, and create public works.

Hoover believed that individuals should donate money to charities to help those in need during the Great Depression.

Hoover's belief that he could persuade businesses and individuals to act in the best interests of the country, rather than their own, led him to rely on voluntary cooperation to address the Great Depression.

While well-intended, Hoover's belief in voluntary cooperation proved ineffective in addressing the Great Depression, as businesses prioritized their own survival and cut wages and jobs.

Hoover's approach to the Great Depression, while fueled by good intentions, ultimately relied too heavily on voluntary cooperation, which failed as businesses prioritized survival over national interests.

Hoover's belief that local and state governments should handle the crisis, without federal intervention.

Hoover's policy of relying on individual effort to overcome hardship, rather than government assistance.

The nickname for makeshift shantytowns built by homeless people during the Depression.

The government agency created by Hoover to provide loans to businesses and banks, hoping to stimulate the economy.

Economic theory that argues that money given to the wealthy will trickle down to the rest of the economy.

The large dam project built during the Depression, creating jobs and infrastructure.

The growing sentiment among some Americans that capitalism was failing and alternative systems like socialism or communism were preferable.

The march of World War I veterans on Washington D.C. demanding early payment of their promised bonuses.

The belief that the American system needed significant changes, even if not a complete revolution.

The act passed in 1924 that promised veterans a lump-sum payment in 1945.

The economic circumstances that led to the rise of fascism in Europe.

The leader of Italy during the rise of fascism.

The leader of Germany during the rise of fascism.

The strength shown by the American public in continuing to believe in their country's institutions despite the crisis.

The movement that sought to overthrow capitalism and replace it with a socialist or communist system.

Hoover's approach to the Great Depression, emphasizing individual responsibility, limited government intervention, and support for local solutions.

The belief that the government should not intervene in the economy, allowing businesses to operate without regulation.

The belief that economic hardship is a natural part of the business cycle and that government intervention only worsens the situation.

Hoover's approach to addressing the Great Depression by focusing on voluntary cooperation and support from businesses and individuals.

Hoover's belief that state and local governments should be primarily responsible for handling the impact of the depression.

World War I veterans who marched on Washington D.C. in 1932 demanding early payment of bonuses promised by the government.

The forceful eviction of the Bonus Army from Washington D.C. by the military, a controversial event that damaged Hoover's public image.

Roosevelt's approach to the Great Depression, which involved active government intervention and federal programs designed to stimulate the economy and provide relief to those in need.

The idea that the government should play a more active role in regulating the economy and providing social welfare programs.

FDR's wife, who was an active social reformer and advocate for social justice, heavily involved in public affairs and helping FDR connect with the public.

The shift in public opinion towards Roosevelt and away from Hoover due to his perceived failures in handling the depression.

The movement toward socialism or communism as alternatives to capitalism, often fueled by economic dissatisfaction during the depression.

A political ideology that advocates for public ownership or democratic control of the means of production, distribution, and exchange.

Hoover's belief that the government should not intervene in economic downturns, allowing natural cycles to play out.

Hoover's belief that state and local governments, not the federal government, should address economic issues.

The idea that government intervention in the economy is unconstitutional.

The argument that in times of severe economic hardship, people should turn to socialist or communist systems, where the government controls the economy.

The moment when American troops, led by General MacArthur, forcibly removed the Bonus Army from Washington D.C.

The widespread negative public perception of President Hoover's handling of the Great Depression, leading to his defeat in the 1932 election

The Democratic presidential candidate and eventual winner of the 1932 election, who promised a new approach to the Great Depression.

A group of professionals and academics who advised Franklin D. Roosevelt on his economic policies, nicknamed by the press.

FDR's willingness to include Republicans in his administration, demonstrating a bipartisan approach.

The first woman to serve in a US presidential cabinet, appointed by FDR as Secretary of Labor.

FDR's response to the Bonus Army's return in 1933, sending Eleanor Roosevelt, rather than the military, to address their concerns.