Homologous Recombination Repair in Human Cancers

HR repair involves the ______ of strands between separate DNA molecules.

The protein participating in homologous recombination repair is encoded by the ______ genes.

The first step in HR repair is the ______ of the 5' end to leave highly recombinogenic 3' ends.

Strand invasion in HR repair is mediated by ______.

The resolution of the Holiday Junction can lead to ______ or crossover.

HR repair can occur through multiple pathways, including ______ and SDSA.

Homologous recombination repair is a mechanism that can repair ______ strand breaks.

The Base Excision Repair (BER) mechanism removes chemically modified ______ and prevents point mutations after replication.

Thymine-Thymine ______ are formed when DNA is exposed to UV light.

The Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) pathway is the main mechanism that repairs ______ dimers.

In the BER mechanism, the modified base is marked with a ______ by DNA glycosylase.

The APE1 endonuclease cleaves the ______ off in the BER mechanism.

Xeroderma pigmentosum is a hereditary disease associated with a predisposition to ______ due to defects in DNA repair.

In E. coli, 1 ______ every 10,000 is wrongly matched during replication, resulting in replication errors.

Base Excision Repair (BER) fixes ______ changes in DNA.

UV light can cause ______ formation in DNA.

The accumulation of ______ in the cell's DNA can lead to tumor formation and cancer.

Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) is a mechanism that repairs ______ in DNA.

Mismatch Repair (MMS) is a type of repair mechanism that corrects ______ errors in DNA.

Homologous Recombination (HR) is a mechanism that repairs ______ breaks in DNA.

Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) is a mechanism that repairs ______ breaks in DNA.

The mutation rate is only 1 in every ______ million bases.

The proof-reading activity of the DNA polymerase is the first line of defense against ______ errors.

The DNA polymerase contains a 5-to-3 ______ activity and a 3-to-5 exonuclease activity or proofreading.

The Mismatch Repair Pathway (MMR) is the second line of defense for ______ errors.

Double strand breaks (DSB) can be produced by ______ radiation or stalled replication forks that collapse.

Non-homologous end Joining (NHEJ) is prone to ______ and is the most common form in mammalian.

The recognition of DSB is done by ______.

The recruitment of DNA-PKcs is done by ______.

DNA-PKcs replaces ______ as the protein that ‘bridges’ the two ends.