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Questions and Answers
HR repair involves the ______ of strands between separate DNA molecules.
exchange
The protein participating in homologous recombination repair is encoded by the ______ genes.
BRCA-1 or BRCA-2
The first step in HR repair is the ______ of the 5' end to leave highly recombinogenic 3' ends.
digestion
Strand invasion in HR repair is mediated by ______.
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The resolution of the Holiday Junction can lead to ______ or crossover.
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HR repair can occur through multiple pathways, including ______ and SDSA.
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Homologous recombination repair is a mechanism that can repair ______ strand breaks.
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The Base Excision Repair (BER) mechanism removes chemically modified ______ and prevents point mutations after replication.
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Thymine-Thymine ______ are formed when DNA is exposed to UV light.
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The Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) pathway is the main mechanism that repairs ______ dimers.
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In the BER mechanism, the modified base is marked with a ______ by DNA glycosylase.
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The APE1 endonuclease cleaves the ______ off in the BER mechanism.
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Xeroderma pigmentosum is a hereditary disease associated with a predisposition to ______ due to defects in DNA repair.
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In E. coli, 1 ______ every 10,000 is wrongly matched during replication, resulting in replication errors.
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Base Excision Repair (BER) fixes ______ changes in DNA.
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UV light can cause ______ formation in DNA.
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The accumulation of ______ in the cell's DNA can lead to tumor formation and cancer.
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Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) is a mechanism that repairs ______ in DNA.
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Mismatch Repair (MMS) is a type of repair mechanism that corrects ______ errors in DNA.
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Homologous Recombination (HR) is a mechanism that repairs ______ breaks in DNA.
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Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) is a mechanism that repairs ______ breaks in DNA.
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The mutation rate is only 1 in every ______ million bases.
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The proof-reading activity of the DNA polymerase is the first line of defense against ______ errors.
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The DNA polymerase contains a 5-to-3 ______ activity and a 3-to-5 exonuclease activity or proofreading.
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The Mismatch Repair Pathway (MMR) is the second line of defense for ______ errors.
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Double strand breaks (DSB) can be produced by ______ radiation or stalled replication forks that collapse.
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Non-homologous end Joining (NHEJ) is prone to ______ and is the most common form in mammalian.
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The recognition of DSB is done by ______.
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The recruitment of DNA-PKcs is done by ______.
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DNA-PKcs replaces ______ as the protein that ‘bridges’ the two ends.
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