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Homologous Chromosomes and Genetics

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the labeled segments 'H' and 'E' in the diagram?

To represent the different stages of cell division.
To show the movement of chromosomes during meiosis.
To illustrate the process of DNA replication.
To depict the locations of specific genes on the chromosomes. (correct)

What is the relationship between the two sister chromatids of a chromosome?

They are non-identical copies produced during meiosis.
They are identical copies produced during meiosis. (correct)
They are non-identical copies produced during mitosis.
They are identical copies produced during mitosis.

What is the significance of synapsis during prophase I of meiosis?

It ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes.
It separates the sister chromatids of each chromosome.
It prepares the chromosomes for replication.
It allows for the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes. (correct)

The diagram shows two alleles for hair color and eye color. What is the difference between these alleles?

<p>They are different versions of the same gene. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the diagram represents a human cell, how many chromosomes would be present in a human gamete after meiosis is complete?

<p>23 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Homologous chromosomes

Two similar chromosomes paired together during meiosis.

Sister chromatids

Identical copies of a chromosome formed during DNA replication.

Genes

Segments of DNA responsible for traits like hair and eye color.

Alleles

Different forms of a gene that determine variations in traits.

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Meiosis I

The first stage of meiosis where homologous chromosomes separate.

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Study Notes

Homologous Chromosomes

Homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis I, a type of cell division.
Each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids.

Genes and Chromosomes

Genes for hair color and eye color are located on chromosomes.
Different forms of a gene (alleles) can be represented on the homologous chromosomes.

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