Meiosis I Unique Events

______ involves three major phases namely, the interphase stage, the mitotic stage, and cytokinesis.

Interphase is the ______ phase of the cell cycle.

In animal cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of the ______ furrow.

G1 involves a greater rate of growth and protein synthesis than that of the ____ phase.

The G1 checkpoint is to ensure that the volume of the cell if optimal for ____ division.

Metaphase involves the alignment of the duplicated chromosomes at the ______ plate.

During synapsis, the pair of chromosomes are referred to as the ______, because it has four chromatids.

Crossing over or genetic recombination also takes place during the first meiotic ______.

Chiasma is the term used to refer to the intersecting region of the chromosomes under genetic ______.

Prophase I involves the disintegration of the nuclear membrane and ______.

Microtubules also start to attach with kinetochores to pull the chromosomes towards the ______ plate.

Metaphase I involves the alignment of the homologous pairs at the ______ plate.

Haploid is used to describe the chromosome number of resulting ______ in the meiotic division, i.e., half of the original chromosome number.

Synapsis refers to the close association between the maternal and paternal members of the ______________ pair of chromosomes.

Synaptonemal Complex is formed from the close association of the four chromatids during the first prophase of meiotic ______________.

Homologous Chromosome refers to the type of chromosomes with the same size, centromere position, and set of ______________.

Chiasma refers to the point of intersection between the non-sister chromatid arms of the homologous chromosomes during genetic ______________.

Sex Cells or Gametes are the types of cells that are formed after meiotic ______________.

______. Interphase and Mitotic Phase: Both of these are major phases of the cell cycle. Interphase is the longer phase when the cell is metabolically active and is preparing for cell division. Mitotic phase is the relatively shorter phase when the cell is undergoing division to distribute the copies of the duplicated chromosomes to their daughter cells. Parent cell and Daughter cell: With reference to the mitotic division, these cells are genetically identical to each other. These two cells differ in size because the daughter cell is relatively smaller than the parent cell. Mitotic Phase involves the condensation and the distribution of the duplicated chromosomes to the daughter cells. Involves the following stages: Prophase. The stage when the chromatin starts to condense into visible chromosomes, the nuclear membrane disintegrates, and the mitotic spindles start to organize. Metaphase. The attainment of the maximum condensation of the chromosomes and their alignment in the metaphase plate. Anaphase. The separation of the members of the sister chromatids into single chromosomes and their movement toward the opposite poles. Telophase. The detachment of microtubules from the kinetochore of the chromosomes. In addition, the chromosomes begin to decondense during this stage into chromatin.

Interphase is the longer phase when the cell is metabolically active and is preparing for cell ______.

Mitotic phase is the relatively shorter phase when the cell is undergoing division to distribute the copies of the duplicated chromosomes to their ______ cells.

Parent cell and Daughter cell: With reference to the mitotic division, these cells are genetically identical to each other. These two cells differ in size because the daughter cell is relatively smaller than the ______ cell.

Mitotic Phase involves the condensation and the distribution of the duplicated chromosomes to the ______ cells.

Metaphase. The attainment of the maximum condensation of the chromosomes and their alignment in the ______ plate.

Anaphase I involves the spindle fibers pulling of the members of the homologous chromosomes toward the opposite poles of the cell. Telophase I involves each member of the duplicated homologous chromosomes reaches the opposite poles. After cytokinesis, two daughter haploid cells are produced. Since the number of chromosomes is halved from parent to daughter cells, meiosis I is also referred to as “reductive division”. The second meiotic division is almost similar to the mitotic division. Thus, meiosis II is also described as the “equational division”. Meiosis II starts with the two daughter cells from the first meiotic division. Both of these cells will undergo the second meiotic division. The primary goal of the second meiotic division is to:

Prophase II involves the continued condensation of the chromosomes. Note that the chromosomes are duplicated at this point. Metaphase II involves the alignment of the chromosomes in just one column. This is different from metaphase I, where the homologous chromosomes form two columns in the metaphase plate. Anaphase II involves the ______ of the members of the sister chromatids, and they move to the opposite poles.

Within a single homologous pair, one homologue is attached to the spindle fibers of one pole, and the other homologue is similarly attached however with the opposite pole. Anaphase I involves the spindle fibers pulling of the members of the homologous chromosomes toward the opposite poles of the cell. Telophase I involves each member of the duplicated homologous chromosomes reaches the opposite poles. After cytokinesis, two daughter haploid cells are produced. Since the number of chromosomes is halved from parent to daughter cells, meiosis I is also referred to as “reductive division”. The second meiotic division is almost similar to the mitotic division. Thus, meiosis II is also described as the “equational division”. Meiosis II starts with the two daughter cells from the first meiotic division. Both of these cells will undergo the second meiotic division. The primary goal of the second meiotic division is to:

After cytokinesis, two daughter haploid cells are produced. Since the number of chromosomes is halved from parent to daughter cells, meiosis I is also referred to as “reductive division”. The second meiotic division is almost similar to the mitotic division. Thus, meiosis II is also described as the “equational division”. Meiosis II starts with the two daughter cells from the first meiotic division. Both of these cells will undergo the second meiotic division. The primary goal of the second meiotic division is to:

Metaphase II involves the ______ of the chromosomes in just one column. This is different from metaphase I, where the homologous chromosomes form two columns in the metaphase plate. Anaphase II involves the separation of the members of the sister chromatids, and they move to the opposite poles.

Meiosis II starts with the two daughter cells from the first meiotic division. Both of these cells will undergo the second meiotic division. The primary goal of the second meiotic division is to: