Homeostatic Control of Blood Glucose

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of insulin in blood glucose regulation?

Sending a signal to store excess glucose (correct)

Stimulating the production of glucagon

Regulating the release of glucagon

Breaking down glycogen into glucose

What is the result of glucagon's action on the liver?

The release of insulin into the bloodstream

The breakdown of glycogen into glucose (correct)

The storage of glucose as glycogen

The reduction of glucose levels in the blood

What is the purpose of homeostatic control in blood glucose regulation?

To fluctuate blood glucose levels rapidly

To maintain a stable blood glucose level (correct)

To maintain extremely high blood glucose levels

To maintain extremely low blood glucose levels

How does the body respond to low blood glucose levels?

By releasing glucagon into the bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of negative feedback in blood glucose regulation?

The release of insulin in response to high blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of excess glucose in the blood?

It is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of insulin in the body?

To decrease blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What happens when glucagon is secreted into the blood?

The liver converts glycogen into glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the target range for blood glucose levels in an adult?

60-100 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of insulin in glucose regulation?

To store glucose in the liver and muscles Signup and view all the answers

What happens to excess glucose in the liver?

It is converted into glycogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glucagon in glucose homeostasis?

To stimulate glycogen breakdown and glucose release Signup and view all the answers

What is the negative feedback mechanism that helps to regulate blood glucose levels?

Insulin decreases blood glucose levels, which decreases glucagon secretion Signup and view all the answers

What type of feedback mechanism is involved in glucose level regulation?

Negative feedback Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary organ responsible for storing glycogen?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of homeostatic control in glucose regulation?

To maintain steady internal glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of glucose storage in the body?

Liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the learning competency related to glucose regulation?

Explain how some organisms maintain steady internal conditions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Homeostatic Control of Blood Glucose

Blood glucose regulation is a prime example of homeostatic control using negative feedback mechanisms.
A corrective response is activated when there is a deviation from normal blood glucose levels, and it is deactivated upon returning to normal.

Key Hormones in Regulation

Insulin: Released by the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high; helps store excess glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscles, and converts some into body fat.
Glucagon: Released by the pancreas when blood glucose levels are low; stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen back into glucose, which then enters the bloodstream.

Blood Glucose Levels

Normal target range for blood glucose in adults: 60-100 mg/dL.
The body maintains homeostasis through the balance of insulin and glucagon in response to varying glucose intake and energy expenditure.

Feedback Mechanism Overview

High blood glucose → Insulin secretion → Excess glucose stored as glycogen and fat.
Low blood glucose → Glucagon secretion → Glycogen broken down into glucose, increasing blood glucose levels.

Importance of Glucose Regulation

Essential for maintaining energy levels and overall metabolic balance in the human body.
Other hormones influenced by the sympathetic nervous system also play a role but insulin and glucagon are the primary regulators.

Pancreatic Functions

Beta cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are responsible for producing insulin.
The regulation of blood glucose through these hormones is crucial for normal physiological functions and human health.

Learning Objectives

Recognize the functions of insulin and glucagon in blood sugar regulation.
Understand the process of homeostatic control via negative feedback.
Appreciate the importance of maintaining steady internal glucose levels for overall health.

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Description

Test your understanding of homeostatic control through negative feedback, focusing on the regulation of blood glucose levels and the role of hormones like insulin and glucagon.