Homeostasis Overview and Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of homeostasis?

  • To increase body temperature
  • To maintain a constant internal environment (correct)
  • To enhance metabolic processes
  • To decrease blood pressure

All organisms maintain their body temperature through internal mechanisms.

False (B)

Name one example of a variable that the body regulates through homeostasis.

Blood glucose level

The three parts of homeostatic control systems are sensor, integrator, and ______.

<p>effector</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the feedback mechanism type with its description:

<p>Negative Feedback = Reduces the effect of a stimulus and stabilizes the system Positive Feedback = Enhances the effect of a stimulus Endothermic = Organisms that maintain a constant body temperature internally Ectothermic = Organisms that rely on external conditions to regulate body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following variables is NOT typically maintained through homeostasis?

<p>Food intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During childbirth, positive feedback is used to enhance the output of a stimulus.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical body temperature that homeostasis aims to maintain in humans?

<p>37°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Homeostasis

The process of maintaining a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.

Feedback Mechanisms

A set of interconnected mechanisms that sense changes in the internal environment and trigger responses to maintain stability.

Negative Feedback

A type of feedback mechanism that reduces or counteracts a change in the internal environment, bringing it back to a set point.

Positive Feedback

A type of feedback mechanism that amplifies or enhances the initial change in the internal environment. This often leads to a rapid and escalating response.

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Warm-blooded (Endothermic) Organisms

Organisms that can regulate their own body temperature internally, independent of the external environment.

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Cold-blooded (Ectothermic) Organisms

Organisms that rely on external sources to regulate their body temperature. Their internal temperature fluctuates with the environment.

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Sensor (Receptor)

A component in a feedback system responsible for detecting changes in the internal environment. It sends signals to the control center.

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Integrator (Control Center)

A component in a feedback system that receives information from the sensor and sends a response to the effector to adjust the internal environment.

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Effector

A component in a feedback system responsible for carrying out the response determined by the control center. It helps to restore the internal environment to its set point.

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Study Notes

Homeostasis Introduction

  • Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a stable internal environment despite external changes.
  • It's like a body's thermostat, keeping things within a specific range.
  • Homeostatic control systems have three key parts: a sensor (receptor), an integrator (control center), and an effector.
  • These work together to detect changes, process information, and make adjustments to maintain balance.

Feedback Mechanisms

  • Feedback mechanisms are crucial for homeostasis.
  • They involve a response that opposes the initial change.
  • A negative feedback mechanism reverses a change in a variable.
  • A positive feedback mechanism enhances a change in a variable.

Homeostatic Control Systems

  • Homeostatic control systems maintain a body's internal conditions.
  • They detect change and move towards set points.
  • Receptors detect change and send signals.
  • The control centre (e.g., brain) processes information.
  • Effectors (e.g., muscles, glands) respond to maintain balance.

Examples of Homeostasis

  • Blood glucose is typically kept at 0.1%.
  • Body temperature is kept around 37°C.
  • Systolic blood pressure is often around 120 mmHg.
  • Blood pH is maintained at 7.35.
  • Deviation from these values can be detrimental to health.

Positive Feedback

  • In some cases, the body needs to enhance a response.
  • Childbirth is an example of positive feedback where contractions get stronger.
  • Nerve impulses, triggered by the baby's head pushing on the cervix, lead to oxytocin release from the pituitary gland.
  • Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, further pushing the baby.

Negative Feedback

  • Used to maintain body conditions in a set range and oppose changes.
  • The response reverses the change, to maintain a particular set point.
  • To draw graphs, consider the internal condition level fluctuation.
  • It's a cycle - feedback loop.

Warm-Blooded vs. Cold-Blooded

  • Warm-blooded (endothermic) animals (mammals and birds) regulate their own body temperature.
  • Cold-blooded (ectothermic) animals (amphibians, reptiles, and fish) rely on their environment.
  • These animals seek out the sun or shade to regulate body temperature.

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Related Documents

Introduction to Homeostasis PDF

Description

This quiz introduces the concept of homeostasis, focusing on its significance in maintaining a stable internal environment. It discusses the three key components of homeostatic control systems: sensors, integrators, and effectors, as well as the roles of feedback mechanisms in regulating bodily functions.

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