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Questions and Answers
What is a likely consequence of colic related to pH changes in the body?
What is a likely consequence of colic related to pH changes in the body?
Which type of energy is primarily used for muscle usage?
Which type of energy is primarily used for muscle usage?
What is the main purpose of coprophagia in some animals?
What is the main purpose of coprophagia in some animals?
What is the main cause of colic due to gastrointestinal upset?
What is the main cause of colic due to gastrointestinal upset?
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Which component is NOT part of the dry matter in nutrition?
Which component is NOT part of the dry matter in nutrition?
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Study Notes
Homeostasis: Balanced Energy Needs/Neutral Conditions
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Cecum:
- Has natural pH (cellulose & hemicellulose).
- 1.2 meters long, holding 25-30 liters (like a paint bucket).
- Produces lactic acid.
- Releases volatile fatty acids.
-
Coprophagy:
- Eating own feces to regain microbial nutrients and vitamins.
- Human feeding frequency changes.
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Nutrient Requirements:
- Use NRC (National Research Council) to formulate diets for animals.
- Kilo = 1000
- Mega = 1,000,000
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Adjusting energy based on:
- Amount of feed.
- Energy density of the food.
- Dry matter, fat, protein, carbs
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Energy calculations:
- Gross energy: the total energy consumed in the feed.
- Digestible energy: energy absorbed/retained by the body.
- Fecal energy: energy lost in the feces.
- Urine energy: energy lost in the urine.
- Metabolizable energy (ME): usable energy for the cells (epithelial cells)
- Energy for living and muscle usage.
- Net energy (NE): energy remaining after all losses (energy = maintenance).
Colic (Gastrointestinal Upset)
-
Symptoms:
- Pawing
- Rolling
- Sweating
- Failed to defecate
- Groaning
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Causes:
- Idiopathic (unknown cause)
- Impaction (sand)
- Gas/fermentation
- Strangulation (twisted gut).
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Hooves:
- Sensitive to the body's pH.
- Inflammation can lead to colic.
- Acidic pH associated with inflammation and colic.
-
Hooves:
- Lamina (tissue below the hoof)
- Laminitis = "founder"
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Description
Explore the critical concepts of homeostasis related to energy needs and nutrient requirements in animals. This quiz covers essential topics on the function of the cecum, coprophagy, and energy calculations necessary for maintaining health. Test your knowledge on how animals adjust their diets according to feeding frequency and nutrient availability.
