9 Questions
What is homeostasis?
Maintenance of a constant internal environment
What is the purpose of a negative feedback loop in homeostasis?
To automatically bring about a correction in the body's internal environment
Explain the principle of homeostasis.
A negative feedback process where a stimulus brings about a change in the internal environment and a corrective mechanism follows to restore the system back to its original form.
What are the two major systems involved in coordinating communication throughout the body?
Endocrine system and nervous system
How do hormones exert their effects on target cells?
Hormones exert their effects by binding to specific receptors on the target cell.
What is the role of the pituitary gland in response to changes in water potential of blood plasma?
The pituitary gland releases more/less ADH into the bloodstream to regulate water reabsorption in response to changes in water potential of blood plasma.
How does insulin regulate blood glucose levels when they are above normal?
Insulin increases the permeability of cell membranes to glucose, stimulates conversion of excess glucose into glycogen, and increases the rate of respiration to decrease blood glucose concentration.
What is the role of glucagon in response to below normal blood glucose levels?
Glucagon stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which enters the bloodstream to increase blood glucose concentration and return it to normal.
Describe the process of negative feedback loops in the context of blood glucose regulation.
Negative feedback loops involve the stimulus, receptor, control center, and corrective mechanism working together to maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range by regulating insulin and glucagon secretion.
Study Notes
Homeostasis
- Homeostasis is the ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
Negative Feedback Loop in Homeostasis
- The purpose of a negative feedback loop is to counteract changes in the body's internal environment, restoring homeostasis.
Principle of Homeostasis
- The principle of homeostasis is to maintain a constant internal environment, despite changes in the external environment, through a self-regulating system.
Coordinating Communication in the Body
- The two major systems involved in coordinating communication throughout the body are the nervous system and the endocrine system.
Hormone Action
- Hormones exert their effects on target cells by binding to specific receptors on the surface of the cell, triggering a response.
Pituitary Gland Function
- The pituitary gland plays a crucial role in response to changes in water potential of blood plasma, regulating the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys.
Insulin Regulation of Blood Glucose
- When blood glucose levels are above normal, insulin regulates blood glucose levels by facilitating glucose uptake by cells, promoting glycogen synthesis, and inhibiting glucose production in the liver.
Glucagon Function
- In response to below normal blood glucose levels, glucagon stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, increasing blood glucose levels.
Negative Feedback Loop in Blood Glucose Regulation
- The negative feedback loop in blood glucose regulation involves:
- Glucose sensors in the pancreas detecting changes in blood glucose levels
- Insulin release when glucose levels are high, promoting glucose uptake and storage
- Decreased insulin release and increased glucagon release when glucose levels are low, stimulating glucose release from storage
- Glucose levels returning to normal, stopping the loop
Test your knowledge of homeostasis, the maintenance of a constant internal environment, and the concept of negative feedback loops in biological systems. This quiz covers the need for homeostasis, the role of control systems, detection of conditions by sensory cells, and the functioning of negative feedback loops.
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