HNR 2102 Week 9: Host Defenses and Immune System

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What is the purpose of the first line of defense?

To provide a specific response to infection

To block invasion at the portal of entry (correct)

To produce protective antibodies

To create memory cells

What type of resistance does the innate defense provide?

Acquired

Nonspecific (correct)

Specific

Adaptive

What occurs if infectious agents make it past the surface defenses?

The adaptive immune system is triggered

The second line of defense is activated (correct)

The immune system surrenders

The inflammatory response is suppressed

What is an example of a chemical barrier in the first line of defense?

Acidic pH of the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of acquired immunity?

It must be acquired Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of memory cells in the immune system?

To establish a specific immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the skin and mucous membranes in the first line of defense?

To prevent the entry of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of stomach acid in the body's defense?

To kill pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lysozyme?

To hydrolyze the cell wall of bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the study of the body's second and third lines of defense?

Immunology Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the third line of defense?

To recognize specific pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sebaceous glands in the body's defense?

To produce fatty acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Toll-like receptors in macrophages?

To recognize foreign molecules and stimulate an immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased blood flow in injured tissues during the inflammatory response?

Redness and warmth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the complement system in the immune response?

To facilitate phagocytosis and eliminate pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the immune response during inflammation?

To contain and eliminate the infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased fluid escape into the tissue during the inflammatory response?

Edema and pus formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of endogenous pyrogens?

To liberate products of infectious agents Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of fever in relation to microorganisms?

It inhibits the multiplication of temperature-sensitive microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of eosinophils in the body?

To be attracted to sites of parasitic infections and antigen-antibody reactions Signup and view all the answers

What do phagocytes do to foreign matter?

They ingest and eliminate the foreign matter Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of macrophages in the body?

To scavenge and process foreign substances to prepare them for reactions with B and T lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of inflammatory response?

To initiate a immune response Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which bacterial cells are engulfed into a phagocytic vacuole?

Engulfment Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for bacterial cells that can induce an immune response in the host?

Immunogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the fusion of a phagosome with a lysosome?

Phagolysosome formation Signup and view all the answers

HNR 2102 Week 9: Host Defenses and Immune System

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