HIV Infection Progression Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which disease caused by Mycobacterium avium or Mycobacterium kansasii was identified in AIDS patients in Italy?

Cryptococcosis

Cytomegalovirus

Tuberculosis

Non-classical mycobacteriosis (correct)

What disease, known since the beginning of the 20th century, is not a frequent sarcoma but has a rapid evolution in AIDS patients?

Kaposi’s sarcoma (correct)

Isopsoriasis

Herpes simplex virus

Lymphoma

Which disease among young women is one of the main indicators to identify an AIDS patient nowadays?

Toxoplasmosis

Interstital pneumonia

Invasive cervical cancer (correct)

Lymphoma

What specific disease was cited by the professor in the movie 'Philadelphia' with Tom Hanks as an example of a problem faced by an AIDS patient?

Kaposi’s sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial aspect to consider in understanding the origin of the HIV infection in a patient?

Sexual history of the patient Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the debate between NIH and Pasteur institute regarding the discovery of the virus?

Both institutions were allowed to use the virus for branding. Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributed to the significant financial interest in the discovery of the virus?

Potential applications of the virus for diagnostic tests. Signup and view all the answers

How is the classification of HIV infection based according to CD4 levels?

It is classified into stages 1, 2, 3 based on CD4 levels and clinical findings. Signup and view all the answers

What CD4 level range indicates a higher risk of developing AIDS-defining diseases?

Below 200 CD4 cells per unit volume of blood. Signup and view all the answers

Which pathology was listed as having one etiological agent causing death in the world?

AIDS Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual clinical course of HIV infection immediately after an acute infection?

Asymptomatic or mild symptoms with a CD4 drop to 600-700 and increased plasma viremia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following viruses is NOT included in the viral diseases discussed by Professor Parisi in his program?

HSV-1 Signup and view all the answers

What impact does the availability of drugs have on the study of the clinical course of HIV infection?

It allows for a more accurate understanding of the disease progression Signup and view all the answers

During acute HIV infection, what happens to CD4 levels and plasma viremia within a few weeks?

Plasma viremia drops to a plateau while CD4 levels increase Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a higher plateau of plasma viremia in predicting the evolution of the HIV infection?

Predicts a faster evolution of the disease Signup and view all the answers

Which population group is particularly vulnerable to infections that can occur during pregnancy according to the program outlined by Professor Parisi?

Pregnant women Signup and view all the answers

Why does a person diagnosed with HIV with certain infections become classified as an AIDS patient according to the text?

They have infections characteristic of advanced HIV Signup and view all the answers

In what context did the historical excursus provided in the text begin?

With 5 young men in Los Angeles presenting pneumonia-like symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the classification of HIV infection from AIDS according to the text?

Type of opportunistic infections Signup and view all the answers

Why are patients who successfully reduce their HIV plasma viremia and increase CD4 count still classified as AIDS patients according to the text?

They had opportunistic infections characteristic of AIDS Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Discovery of the virus: HTLV-3 was discovered by Montagnier, leading to a debate with Gallo from NIH, eventually both institutions were allowed to use the virus for research.
Impact of AIDS: AIDS became the first pathology with a single etiological cause leading to death worldwide, surpassing diseases like malaria and tuberculosis.
HIV classification: HIV infection was classified based on CD4 levels and clinical findings, with CD4 levels under 200 defining an AIDS patient.
AIDS-related diseases in Italy: Toxoplasmosis, candidiasis, cryptococcosis, mycobacteriosis, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, PML, and Kaposi’s sarcoma were identified as AIDS-related diseases in Italy.
Update on AIDS-related diseases: Diseases like isopsoriasis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, interstitial pneumonia, classical tuberculosis, and cervical cancer were later added to the list of AIDS-related diseases.
HIV transmission: The plateau of plasma viremia predicts disease progression, with higher viremia levels indicating faster disease evolution.
Natural history of HIV infection: After acute infection, CD4 levels drop and plasma viremia increases, leading to an asymptomatic phase before progressing to AIDS with specific symptoms and opportunistic diseases.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the progression of HIV infection and AIDS disease. Learn about the characteristics of plasma viremia, CD4 cell count, symptoms, opportunistic diseases, and syndromes related to late-stage HIV infection.