Histotechnologist Overview and Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of a histotechnologist?

  • To analyze blood samples
  • To manufacture laboratory equipment
  • To prepare and process tissue specimens for microscopic examination (correct)
  • To perform surgeries on patients

Which technique is used for screening cervical cancer?

  • Immunohistochemical staining
  • Pap smear (correct)
  • Autopsy examination
  • Routine Biopsy processing

What is the purpose of the fixation process in histopathology?

  • To dehydrate the tissue specimen
  • To preserve the tissue specimen (correct)
  • To stain the tissue specimen
  • To remove water from the specimen

Which of the following is a step involved in the routine histopathologic technique?

<p>Labeling (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dehydration in the context of histopathology?

<p>Removing water from the tissue specimen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to the examination of specimens taken from the morgue?

<p>Necropsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does immunohistochemical staining detect?

<p>Presence of specific antigens in tissue sections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the clearing process in histopathology?

<p>Removing alcohol from the tissue (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of infiltration in histopathological techniques?

<p>To fill tissue spaces with melted paraffin wax (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which staining technique employs hematoxylin and eosin dyes?

<p>Routine histopathologic staining (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of embedding in histopathology?

<p>Filling the tissue block with paraffin wax inside a mold (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of sectioning in histopathology?

<p>To cut the tissue block into thin slices for examination (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could result from mislabeling specimens in the laboratory?

<p>Potential consequences including loss of samples (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of mounting in histopathology?

<p>To ensure long-term preservation of samples (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by labeling in histopathologic techniques?

<p>Assigning identification numbers to specimens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the clearing process in histopathology, what agent is primarily used?

<p>Xylene (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Histotechnologist

A medical professional who prepares and processes tissue samples for microscopic examination by a pathologist.

Biopsy

A tissue sample taken from a living patient during surgery or another procedure.

Autopsy Specimens

Tissue samples taken during a post-mortem examination of a deceased individual.

Routine Histopathologic Examination

A standard process of examining tissue samples under a microscope for diagnosis.

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Immunohistochemical Staining

Used to find specific proteins in tissues to aid diagnosis.

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Dehydration

Part of tissue sample preparation: removes water from the tissue.

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Fixation

Preserving tissue samples to prevent decay during processing.

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Clearing

A step in tissue sample processing that replaces water in the tissues with a different substance.

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Routine Histopathologic Technique

A series of steps to prepare tissue specimens for microscopic examination in a lab.

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Specimen Identification Number

Unique number assigned to a specimen in a logbook.

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Formalin Fixation

Preserving specimens using 10% formalin.

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Xylene Clearing

Removing formalin using increasing grades of ethyl alcohol.

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Paraffin Wax Infiltration

Filling tissue spaces with melted paraffin wax.

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Tissue Embedding

Molding the infiltrated tissue into a shape for sectioning.

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Tissue Sectioning (Microtomy)

Cutting the embedded tissue block into thin slices (ribbons/sections).

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Staining (Hematoxylin & Eosin)

Differentiating cell components using dyes, typically hematoxylin and eosin.

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Study Notes

Histotechnologist Overview

  • Histotechnologists (HTs) and histologic technicians (HTLs) prepare, process, and stain tissue samples for microscopic examination by pathologists.
  • Their work is similar to clinical laboratory technicians (CLTs) and clinical laboratory scientists (CLSs).

Histopathology

  • Histopathology examines tissue samples to diagnose diseases.
  • Autopsy: Examination of tissue from a deceased person's body, also known as post-mortem or necropsy examination.
  • Biopsy: Examination of tissue samples removed from a living person during surgery, to determine the cause of problems with organs or tissue.

Routine and Special Tests in Histopathology

  • Pap Smear: A screening method for cervical cancer and precancerous changes in the cervix.
  • Immunohistochemical staining detects antigens in tissue cells using antibodies.

Routine Histopathologic Techniques

  • 1. Numbering: Recording tissue samples.
  • 2. Fixation: Preserving tissue samples using 10% formalin.
  • 3. Dehydration: Removing water from samples using increasing concentrations of alcohol.
  • 4. Clearing: Removing alcohol using xylene.
  • 5. Infiltration: Filling tissue spaces with melted paraffin wax.
  • 6. Embedding/Molding: Placing infiltrated tissue in molds.
  • 7. Trimming: Removing excess paraffin from the tissue block.
  • 8. Sectioning: Cutting tissue into thin slices using a microtome.
  • 9. Staining: Employing hematoxylin and eosin dyes to differentiate cells and tissue structures.
  • 10. Mounting: Applying a mounting medium to tissue sections before adding cover slips.
  • 11. Labeling: Identifying the specimen with a number on the slide.

Additional Notes

  • Mislabeling is a critical error in the lab.
  • Tissue processing can be performed quickly, in some cases within minutes.

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