History of Volleyball

Study Notes

Volleyball originated in 1895 when Dr. William G. Morgan, a YMCA instructor, created a combination of basketball, tennis, and handball.
Initially called "mintonette," the sport included unique rules and was played on a 25-foot square court.
The name "volleyball" was adopted to describe the game’s continuous ball exchange over a net.
The establishment of the Federation Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB) in 1947 standardized rules and created a global competition framework.
Volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in 1964, solidifying its status as a prominent global sport.

A standard volleyball is spherical, constructed from leather or synthetic leather, and must adhere to FIVB's size and weight standards for official play.
The volleyball net is positioned vertically across the court, with specific height requirements for men's and women's games; proper tension is needed for effective play.
The net system comprises poles ensuring net stability and antennae marking the playing area boundaries.
Court lines, including end lines, sidelines, attack lines, and a center line, define the playing area and determine ball legality.
Players wear knee pads for protection during dives, and volleyball shoes provide necessary grip and lateral support.
Team jerseys must differentiate players and comply with color and design regulations.
Ankle braces may be used for added stability, and players carry water bottles to maintain hydration.
Scoreboards indicate match progress, while scorekeeping materials are vital for tracking points and rotations.
Referees utilize whistles to manage the game flow and signal violations.

Ace: A serve that results in a point without a return by the opponent.
Attack: An offensive action where a player hits the ball over the net.
Block: Defensive attempt to deflect an opponent's attack at the net.
Bump/Pass: Basic skill using forearms to play the ball to a teammate.
Dig: A defensive move to receive a hard, low ball.
Kill: An unreturnable attack that scores a point.
Set: Directing the ball to a teammate for an attack using fingertips.
Serve: The action of putting the ball into play from behind the service line.
Libero: A specialized defensive player with limited attacking abilities, recognizable by a different jersey color.
Rally: The series of plays from serve to point completion.
Rotation: Clockwise movement of players after a side-out.
Side-Out: When the serving team fails to score, transferring serve to the opponent.
Match Point: A point that, if won, ends the match.
Dink/Tip: A gentle shot over the net performed from the net position.
Block Touch: Defensive contact with the attacked ball without sufficient deflection.
Joust: A simultaneous attempt by two players at the net to push the ball over.
Back Row Attack: An attack initiated by a player from behind the 3-meter line.
Roof: A successful block where the ball is sent directly downward into the opponent's court.