History of Radioactivity and Key Figures
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Questions and Answers

Who was the first person to discover natural radioactivity?

  • Albert Einstein
  • André-Louis Debierne
  • Marie Curie
  • Antoine Henri Becquerel (correct)

In what year did André-Louis Debierne isolate radium?

  • 1910 (correct)
  • 1903
  • 1896
  • 1911

What was the primary focus of Henri Becquerel's research?

  • The effects of radiation on living organisms
  • Chemical properties of radium
  • Development of X-ray imaging
  • Phosphorescence and its relation to radioactivity (correct)

What term did Marie Curie coin to describe the energy released during atomic disintegration?

<p>Radioactivity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant accomplishment is associated with Marie Curie in relation to the Nobel Prizes?

<p>She won her first Nobel Prize for physics. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant contribution did Carver make to the agricultural industry in the South?

<p>Created over 400 marketable products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Hunt Morgan confirm through his work in genetics?

<p>The role of chromosomes in heredity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which honor did Carver receive in 1923 for his outstanding achievements?

<p>Spingarn Medal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did Carver hold at the Tuskegee Institute?

<p>Overseer of the Agriculture Department (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which field did Thomas Hunt Morgan begin his postgraduate studies?

<p>Morphology and Physiology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Who was George Washington Carver?

George Washington Carver was a renowned agricultural scientist known for his innovative work with peanuts and sweet potatoes. He developed over 400 marketable products from these crops, including oils, dyes, and plastics, which helped boost the Southern economy and its agricultural industry.

What was Thomas Hunt Morgan known for?

He studied the inheritance of traits in fruit flies. He discovered that genes are located on chromosomes, and he mapped the location of specific genes.

How did Carver's work impact the South's economy?

Carver's work with peanuts and other crops revitalized the South's economy after the Civil War. His innovative products created new markets and helped to diversify the region's agriculture.

What was Carver's view on education?

Carver believed education was crucial for achieving freedom and self-sufficiency. He dedicated his life to educating ex-slaves and empowering them through agricultural knowledge.

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How did Carver contribute to the education of ex-slaves?

Carver, as head of the Agriculture Department at Tuskegee Institute, taught ex-slaves sustainable farming techniques. He helped them to become self-sufficient and independent.

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Radioactivity

The process by which an atom spontaneously releases energy in the form of particles or electromagnetic radiation due to the decay of its nucleus.

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Henri Becquerel

The first scientist to discover natural radioactivity. He observed that Uranium emits radiation, proving it is not dependent on light.

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Becquerel (Bq)

A unit of measurement for radioactive decay, named after Henri Becquerel.

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Marie Curie

A Polish scientist who, with her husband Pierre Curie, discovered the radioactive elements Polonium and Radium. She later isolated pure radium, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

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Nuclear Decay

The process by which an atom breaks down, releasing energy in the form of particles or electromagnetic radiation.

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Study Notes

Scientists Who Changed History

  • This book profiles influential scientists throughout history.
  • It highlights pivotal discoveries and advancements.
  • Individual scientists are covered in separate chapters, each including their milestones and contributions.

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Test your knowledge on the pioneers of radioactivity and their significant contributions. Learn about figures like Marie Curie, Henri Becquerel, and Thomas Hunt Morgan. Understand how their work shaped scientific research and agriculture.

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