History of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of human health determined by environmental factors?

  • Pollution
  • Genetic makeup (correct)
  • Health and safe workplaces
  • Sanitation

    • What characteristic does a community possess that helps define its identity?

  • Unshared resources
  • Absence of communication
  • Clear organizational structure
  • Roles within society (correct)

    • Which statement about the boundary of a community is accurate?

  • It cannot change over time
  • It may be explicit or implicit (correct)
  • It is always explicitly defined
  • It is established through laws only

    • What is an essential feature of a community related to its communication?

    <p>Some form of communication between members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a shared characteristic of community members?

    <p>Skills and resources that are shared</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the nurse in community health nursing?

    <p>To educate clients on health promotion and disease prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What legislation was enacted in 1954 to support rural health units?

    <p>R.A. 1082</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which year saw the creation of Regional Health Offices in the Philippines?

    <p>1958</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What framework introduced in 2005 aimed at enhancing health services in the Philippines?

    <p>FOURmula One (F1) for health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the evaluation of health science literature primarily aim to improve?

    <p>Treatment of patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was responsible for the first organized efforts in smallpox vaccination in the Philippines?

    <p>Francisco de Balmis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the defining attributes of community according to Maurer & Smith?

    <p>People</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does WHO define health as?

    <p>A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a geopolitical community?

    <p>A community defined by geographic boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of Orem's Self Care Model?

    <p>Individual's ability to perform self-care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a model of health in Community Health Nursing?

    <p>Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the information provided, what is a fundamental right of every human being?

    <p>The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'phenomenological community' refer to?

    <p>A community based on shared interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which act evolved into the Department of Health (DOH) in the Philippines?

    <p>Act 157</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized as a responsibility of governments regarding health?

    <p>Provide adequate health and social measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT part of the health-illness continuum model?

    <p>Stress Management Techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of health promotion as defined in the content?

    <p>To enable people to increase control over their own health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element is essential for effective community health promotion?

    <p>Good governance for health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the principles of health promotion, why is health literacy important?

    <p>It enables people to acquire knowledge to make healthy choices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who proposed the Health Illness Continuum Model?

    <p>John W. Travis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does health promotion NOT directly address?

    <p>Increasing healthcare access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is critical in creating good governance for health?

    <p>Integrating health into all levels of government policy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the long-term visions for health in the principles of health promotion?

    <p>Health in the hands of people by 2020</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of community health as a discipline?

    <p>To study and improve the health characteristics of diverse communities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following systems includes the role of general practitioners?

    <p>Primary health care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the SDG's goals and targets set to be achieved?

    <p>From 2016 to 2030</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a level of primary health care worker?

    <p>Specialist consultants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary responsibility of the secondary level of care?

    <p>Performing minor surgeries and laboratory tests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cornerstone of primary health care?

    <p>Provision of pharmaceutical benefits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines public health measures?

    <p>All organized efforts to prevent disease and promote health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health goal was active from 1981 to 2000?

    <p>HFA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the MIDG's primarily known for?

    <p>Promoting 8 goals related to global health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health service is primarily devolved to cities and municipalities?

    <p>Primary level of care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines

    • 1577: Friar Juan Clement established a Medical Dispensary in Intramuros.
    • 1690: Dominican Father Juan de Pergero built a water system in San Juan Del Monte, Manila.
    • 1805: Dr. Francisco de Balmis introduced smallpox vaccination throughout the Philippines.
    • 1876: The first Medicos Titulares (Provincial Health Officers) were appointed.
    • 1888: The University of Santo Tomas introduced a Cirujanos Ministrantes course to train male nurses and sanitary inspectors.
    • 1901: The Board of Health of the Philippine Islands was established through Act 157, which eventually evolved into the Department of Health (DOH).
    • 1912: The Fajardo Act Law created Sanitary Divisions.
    • 1905: The Asociacion de Feminista Filipina established "La Gota de Leche," the first center dedicated to the service of mothers and babies.
    • 1947: The DOH was reorganized.
    • 1954: Congress passed R.A. 1082, the Rural Health Unit Act, mandating a RHU in every municipality.
    • 1957: R.A. 1891 aimed for a more equitable distribution of health personnel.
    • 1958: Regional Health Offices were created.
    • 1970: The Philippine healthcare delivery system was restructured.
    • 1991: R.A. 7160, the Local Government Code, devolved basic services to local governments.
    • 1999: The Health Sector Reform Agenda was launched.
    • 2005: The FOURmula One (F1) for health program was implemented.
    • 2010: The Universal Health Care (UHC) program was launched.

    Pillars of the 2020 National Health Goals

    • Counselling for health promotion and disease prevention: The primary role of nurses in promoting health and preventing diseases.
    • Environmental Health: Focuses on environmental factors affecting human health, including pollution, sanitation, safe chemical use, workplace safety, and nature conservation.

    What is Health?

    • World Health Organization definition: Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of a disease or infirmity.
    • Philippine Health Care definition: Health is a state of enough physical, mental, and social well-being of an individual to actively participate in social and economic life within their community.

    Factors Affecting Health

    • Genetic make-up
    • Environment
    • Lifestyle
    • Socio-economic conditions
    • Education
    • Occupation health services

    Health Promotion

    • Aims to increase individual control over their own health.
    • Addresses the root causes of ill health through social and environmental interventions.

    Elements of Health Promotion

    • Good governance for health: Policymakers across all government departments prioritize health in their policies.
    • Health literacy: People have access to knowledge, skills, and information to make healthy choices.
    • Healthy cities: Cities implement urban planning strategies to promote good health and develop preventive measures in communities.

    Global and National Health Goals

    • Health for All (HFA): (1981-2000) Aimed to achieve health for all individuals by 2000.
    • Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): (2000-2015) Focused on improving health outcomes through 8 goals, 18 targets, and 48 indicators.
    • Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): (2016-2030) Emphasize sustainable development with 17 goals, 169 targets, and approximately 300 indicators.
    • Healthy People (2030): A set of national objectives for improving health outcomes in the United States.

    Levels of Primary Health Workers

    • Barangay Health Workers: Trained community health workers and auxiliary volunteers.
    • Intermediate Level Health Workers: Include public health nurses, rural sanitary inspectors, and midwives.

    Levels of Healthcare and Health Referral System

    • Primary Level of Care: Devolved to cities and municipalities, including barangay health stations, rural health units, community hospitals, and healthcare centers.
    • Secondary Level of Care: Provided by physicians with basic health training, functioning as referral centers for primary healthcare facilities. Perform minor surgeries and laboratory tests.
    • Tertiary Level of Care: Complex and specialized healthcare, including medical centers, specialized hospitals, national referral centers.

    Principles of Health

    • Primary health care: People should be empowered to take control of their own health.
    • The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental human right.
    • The health of all people is essential for peace and security.
    • Unequal development in health promotion and disease control is a global threat.
    • The development of healthy children is crucial for overall well-being.
    • Knowledge and cooperation are essential for improving public health.
    • Governments have a responsibility to ensure adequate health and social measures for their citizens.

    Community Health Nursing

    • Focuses on improving the health characteristics of different communities.

    Public Health

    • Encompasses all organized measures, both public and private, to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population.

    Four Cornerstones/Pillars of Primary Health Care

    • Active community participation
    • Intra and intersectoral linkages
    • Use of appropriate technology
    • Support mechanism made available

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    Description

    Explore the significant milestones in the development of public health nursing in the Philippines from 1577 to 1954. This quiz covers notable events, figures, and changes in health policy that shaped the nursing profession in the country. Test your knowledge on the evolution of healthcare practices and institutions in the Philippines.

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