History of Psychology Quiz

The first laboratory dedicated to the scientific study of the mind, founded by Wilhelm Wundt in 1879.

A school of psychology that focuses on breaking down mental processes into their basic components.

A test designed to measure an individual's abilities, particularly in areas like memory and social comprehension.

A measure of how consistent a test is in its results over time and for different people.

The ability to understand and share the feelings of others.

The first president of the American Psychological Association (APA), who played a key role in establishing psychology as a legitimate field.

Developed a theory of intelligence that focused on the importance of general intelligence, or "g", which underlies all cognitive abilities.

A French psychologist who, along with Victor Henri, pioneered the measurement of intelligence through standardized tests.

Procedures used to summarize, graph, and describe numerical data. They are used to understand what the data looks like.

Procedures used to draw conclusions and make generalizations from a sample to a larger population. They involve testing hypotheses and estimating population parameters.

A visual representation of data that uses bars to show the frequency or magnitude of different categories. They are used to compare categories.

A distribution where the left and right sides are roughly symmetrical, with a single peak in the center. It's also known as a bell curve.

A measure of asymmetry in a distribution. It describes whether the tail of the distribution is longer on the left side or the right side.

A distribution where one tail is disproportionately longer than the other. This can be either positive or negative.

A distribution where the left and right sides are mirror images of each other. It's important to note that there is no perfectly symmetrical distribution.

A way in which one person differs from another, lasting over time.

A temporary difference between individuals, not as lasting as a trait.

A scientific idea created to explain or describe behavior.

An action or behavior that can be observed, such as writing an answer on a test.

The average of the squared differences between each score and the mean.

The square root of the variance. It tells you the average difference between each score and the mean.

The difference between the 75th and 25th percentiles. It's a measure of spread in a dataset.

The assumption that test scores can predict behavior in real-world situations.

A portion of the total population that is chosen to represent the whole.

Each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

The difference between a person's observed score and their true ability.

The variability in scores that is caused by true differences in the characteristic being measured.

The variability in scores that is caused by random error.

The degree to which a test consistently measures what it is supposed to measure.

A converted score that indicates the percentage of people scoring below a particular raw score.

Factors that influence measurement beyond the variable being measured, such as test conditions or scoring errors.

The process of administering a test to a representative sample of testtakers to establish norms for interpreting individual scores.

Data on a group's test performance used as a reference point for evaluating individual scores.

The group of people whose test scores are analyzed to create norms.

A measure of how consistent a test is in its results, expressed as a proportion.

Norms derived from a representative sample of the entire population.

Descriptive statistics based on a specific group of testtakers, not obtained through formal sampling.

The controversial practice of creating separate norms based on race or ethnicity.

A type of error that consistently affects the measurement in a predictable direction, always overestimating or underestimating the true value.

A measure of how consistent a test is in its results over time and across different administrations.

A type of reliability that assesses the consistency of items within a test, measuring how well different items are related to each other.

A method of estimating internal consistency reliability by splitting a test into two halves and correlating the scores on the two halves.

A formula used to correct the reliability estimate obtained from a split-half procedure.

A type of internal consistency reliability that measures the extent to which all items on a test are measuring the same underlying construct.

A formula used to estimate inter-item consistency reliability by calculating the average inter-item correlation and adjusting for the number of items on the test.

The degree to which items within a scale measure a single, underlying factor or construct.