18 Questions
Paul Ehrlich is also known as the father of ______
chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich discovered salvarsan, which is also called the 'magic ______'
bullet
In 1908, Paul Ehrlich received the Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions to ______
immunology
Paul Ehrlich was the first to report the acid-fast nature of tubercle ______
bacillus
Paul Ehrlich proposed the 'side chain theory' for antibody production involving ______ and antibody
antigen
The bacteria 'Ehrlichia' was named after ______
him
Paul Ehrlich is known for introducing staining techniques by using aniline ______
dye
One of Paul Ehrlich's contributions is the introduction of solid media for culture of ______
bacteria
Paul Ehrlich described the hanging drop method for testing ______
motility
Paul Ehrlich discovered bacteria such as the anthrax bacilli, tubercle bacilli, and cholera ______
bacilli
Robert Koch observed Koch's phenomenon where guinea pigs developed a hypersensitivity reaction when injected with tubercle bacilli or its ______
protein
Robert Koch's postulates state that a microorganism can be accepted as the causative agent of an infectious disease if four criteria are ______
fulfilled
Paul Ehrlich is known for his contributions to the field of microbiology, specifically for developing the concept of ____________.
chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich introduced the concept of 'magic bullets' for targeted ____________.
therapy
Paul Ehrlich's work laid the foundation for the development of modern ____________.
chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich's research focused on finding chemicals that could selectively target and kill ____________.
pathogens
Paul Ehrlich's contributions to microbiology revolutionized the treatment of infectious diseases through the use of ____________.
chemotherapy
Paul Ehrlich's concept of chemotherapy paved the way for the development of targeted drug therapies in the treatment of ____________.
diseases
Study Notes
- Robert Koch was a German general practitioner and a pioneering figure in microbiology.
- Koch is known for his work on tuberculosis, developing methods to identify and isolate bacteria as the cause of infectious diseases.
- He observed that guinea pigs infected with tubercle bacillus developed a hypersensitivity reaction when re-injected with the bacteria or its protein. This observation is known as Koch's phenomenon.
- Koch established four postulates for identifying an organism as the causative agent of a disease: it must be consistently associated with the disease, be isolatable in pure culture, produce the disease when inoculated into a suitable animal, and be re-isolatable from the diseased animal.
- Koch's associate, Hans Christian Gram, developed the Gram stain method in 1884, allowing for better bacterial identification under a microscope.
- Charles Chamberland, another associate of Pasteur, constructed a porcelain bacterial filter in 1884, enabling the discovery of viruses and their role in diseases.
- Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1929, the first widely used antibiotic.
- Lady Mary Wortley Montagu introduced variolation for immunizing against smallpox in the late 1700s.
- Elie Metchnikoff described phagocytosis and coined the term "phagocytes" in 1882.
- Emmy Klieneberger described the existence of L-forms of bacteria in 1941.
- Barbara McClintock discovered transposons, mobile genetic elements in bacteria, in 1941.
- Waller Gilbert and Frederick Sanger developed the DNA sequencing method in 1977.
- Karry B Mullis discovered the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 1985, revolutionizing the identification of DNA or RNA.
Explore the key figures in the history of microbiology, their contributions, and impact on modern medicine. Learn about the use of antiseptics in surgery and the establishment of the Pasteur Institute by a renowned scientist.
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