History of Microbiology and Cell Theory

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What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another?

Ionic bond

What is the main source of energy in the body?

Carbohydrates

Which macromolecule is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with no definite ratio?

Lipids

Name a simple sugar that is an important source of cell energy.

Glucose Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy storage form in animals?

Glycogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle sugar transported throughout the bodies of plants?

Sucrose Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the Father of Microbiology and the first to invent a microscope?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek Signup and view all the answers

What is the fourth step in the Scientific Method?

Experimentation/Testing of Hypothesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of science according to the Scientific Method?

To know Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered cells using a 'cork' specimen in 1665?

Robert Hooke Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of inventing a microscope called?

Microscopy Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the sixth step in the Scientific Method?

Formulation of Conclusion Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which living cells convert non-living inorganic and organic molecules into living cells?

Assimilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the central idea of Darwin's theory of evolution, published in 1858?

All living things have a common ancestor and are adapted to a particular way of life Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of metabolic processes that occur in cells?

Anabolism (building up) and Catabolism (breaking down) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability of living things to react to environmental changes or stimuli, often resulting in adaptation?

Irritability Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the 'Father of Genetics' and formulated the Law of Segregation?

Gregor Mendel Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the modification that promotes the likelihood of survival, which leads to evolution?

Adaptation Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of study in cytology?

cells Signup and view all the answers

Who proposed the theory of biogenesis in 1865?

Pasteur Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the state of balance or equilibrium within an organism's internal environment?

homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary unit of life according to the cell theory?

cell Signup and view all the answers

What branch of biology deals with the study of fungi?

mycology Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with proposing the cell theory, along with Schleiden and Schwann?

Virchow Signup and view all the answers

What are the three subatomic particles found in an atom and where are they located?

The three subatomic particles found in an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located inside the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus in shells known as orbitals. Signup and view all the answers

What is a molecule and how does it form?

A molecule is the result of the bonding between two or more atoms of the same element or with atoms of other elements. Molecules form through chemical bonding, in which atoms interact and combine with one another. Signup and view all the answers

What is covalent bonding and where does it occur?

Covalent bonding is a type of chemical bonding in which electrons are shared between atoms. This type of bonding occurs in non-metals, such as carbon and halogens, as well as in compounds like water and methane. Signup and view all the answers

What is the octet rule and what does it have to do with covalent bonding?

The octet rule states that atoms are most stable when they have eight electrons in their outer shell. In order to achieve this stability, atoms can share electrons with one another, leading to the formation of covalent bonds. Signup and view all the answers

What are the differences between organic and inorganic compounds?

Organic compounds are those that contain carbon atoms and are typically found in living organisms, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Inorganic compounds, on the other hand, do not contain carbon atoms and include substances like calcium, water, and oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between atomic structure and chemical bonding?

Atomic structure plays a crucial role in chemical bonding, as the number of electrons in an atom's outer shell determines its reactivity and tendency to form chemical bonds with other atoms. The sharing or transfer of electrons between atoms leads to the formation of chemical bonds. Signup and view all the answers