History of Long Jump and Olympic Records

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Questions and Answers

What is the historical background of the Long Jump?

The origins of the long jump can be traced to the Olympics in Ancient Greece when athletes used weights called halteres to improve jump distances.

When did the women's long jump make its Olympic debut?

1980

1948 (correct)

1960

1928

Who is regarded as the world's greatest male long jumper in history for winning four successive Olympic titles from 1984 to 1996? ____________.

Carl Lewis

The Fosbury Flop was introduced by American Dick Fosbury in the 1968 Olympics.

True Signup and view all the answers

Who holds the current world record for the highest jump in the male category in high jump, and what is the height?

Javier Sotomayor / Cuba, 2.45 meters Signup and view all the answers

Match the following long jump equipment with their respective use:

Long Jump Shoes = Specially designed with spikes for better grip and stability. High Jump Bar = Made of fiberglass or metal, adjustable in height. Landing Mat = Thick foam mat to cushion the athlete's fall. Runway = A smooth, flat surface leading to the take-off board. Signup and view all the answers

What method should an athlete take to the long jump run-up?

Gradual acceleration improves consistency and speed Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate take-off method for long jump?

Push through with a flat foot, swinging the opposing arm upward Signup and view all the answers

What is the best body position to maintain throughout a long jump?

A banana-shaped curvature Signup and view all the answers

Which method involves raising the arms over the head while flying in a long jump?

Hang Technique Signup and view all the answers

How should the legs be positioned for the Hang method of long jump?

Straight and Together Signup and view all the answers

What should an athlete do with their arms as they prepare to land from a long jump?

Lower them Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for bending the knees while landing in a long jump?

To absorb impact and prevent injuries Signup and view all the answers

How should an athlete posture their head after landing in a long jump?

Tucked down to the chest Signup and view all the answers

What should an athlete do with their heels while landing in a long jump?

Keep them level on the ground Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the long jump requires the athlete to spin their body into a 'banana' position?

Flight Signup and view all the answers

What is a common foul in the triple jump?

Stepping beyond the takeoff board Signup and view all the answers

Why is the approach run important in the triple jump?

It sets the speed and momentum for the entire jump sequence Signup and view all the answers

What type of training is essential for success in the triple jump?

Sprinting, strength training, plyometrics, and technical drills Signup and view all the answers

Which phase follows the hop phase in the triple jump?

Landing phase Signup and view all the answers

How is the distance of a triple jump measured?

From the takeoff line to the nearest mark made in the sandpit by any part of the athlete's body Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The History of Long Jump

The origins of long jump can be traced back to the Olympics in Ancient Greece, where athletes carried weights in each hand called halteres, which helped boost their jump's momentum and distance.
In the 19th century, the modern long jump was part of the men's competition in the first modern Olympics in Athens in 1896.
The women's long jump made its Olympic debut in 1948 in London.
Between 1896 and 1991, US jumpers set several long-standing world records in the men's category, including Jesse Owens' 8.13m jump in 1935 and Bob Beamon's 8.90m jump in 1968.

The History of High Jump

High jump has been a track and field event since the first modern Olympics in 1896 for men.
Women made their Olympic high jump debut in 1928.
Techniques have evolved over time, with the Eastern cut-off, Western roll, and Fosbury Flop being notable ones.
The Fosbury Flop, introduced by Dick Fosbury in 1968, involves clearing the bar headfirst while arching over it backward.

The History of Triple Jump

The event consisted of two hops and a jump in the inaugural modern Olympic Games in 1896.
The format of a hop, a skip, and a jump was standardized in 1908.
Viktor Saneyev of the Soviet Union won a hat-trick of Olympic men's triple jump titles from 1968 to 1976.
Christian Taylor of the US won back-to-back Olympic titles in 2012 and 2016.

Equipment Used in Jumping Events

High jump:
- High jump shoes with spikes for better grip and stability
- Athletic clothing
- High jump bar
- Uprights/standards
- Landing mat
- Measuring tape
- Flags
- Score sheets
Long jump:
- Long jump shoes with spikes for traction
- Athletic clothing
- Runway
- Take-off board
- Sand pit
- Rake
- Measuring tape
- Flags
- Score sheets
Triple jump:
- Triple jump shoes with spikes for grip
- Athletic clothing
- Runway
- Take-off board
- Sand pit
- Rake
- Measuring tape
- Flags
- Score sheets

Fundamental Skills of Long Jump

Approach run: gradual acceleration during the run-up, employing sprinting technique
Take-off: placing the foot flat on the ground, then pushing through and into the air
Flight: rotating the body from a straight position during takeoff to a 'banana' form before curving over for landing
Landing: bringing the heels up and the head down towards the knees, bending the knees to absorb the impact

Fundamental Skills of High Jump

Approach: a curved or J-shaped approach to build speed and momentum
Takeoff: the takeoff foot plants firmly while the other leg swings upward, initiating the jump
Clearance: clearing the bar headfirst while arching over it backward
Rotation: rotating the body in a semi-circle over the bar, landing on the mat feet first
Landing: absorbing impact through the legs and rolling onto the mat, ensuring safety and stability

Fundamental Skills of Triple Jump

Approach run: building up speed and momentum
Hop phase: jumping off one foot and landing on the same foot, covering as much distance as possible
Step phase: rapidly transitioning onto the other foot, followed by a powerful step onto the same foot
Jump phase: explosively jumping off the same foot used in the step phase, achieving maximum height
Landing: landing safely in the sandpit, avoiding fouls

Officials of Jumping Events and Their Duties

Long jump officials:
- Check in at the meet site
- Ensure the runway and take-off area are cleared of foreign objects
- Advise athletes to jump so that they land in the center of the pit
- Locate the sports medical trainer on site
Triple jump officials:
- Check in at the meet site
- Ensure the runway and take-off area are cleared of foreign objects
- Advise athletes to jump so that they land in the center of the pit
- Locate the sports medical trainer on site### High Jump Officials' Duties
Check in at the meet site to get the score sheet for the high jump competition and ribbons
Get the measuring tape and confirm the location of the sports medical trainer
Attend the coaches and officials meeting to get meet information
Confer with the field referee or meet convenor to determine the opening heights for boys and girls

Safety

Ensure the take-off area is inspected for foreign objects before the event
Advise athletes to jump and land in the center of the pit (landing area)
The minimum landing area is 4m long x 2.5m wide x 0.4m deep

Long Jump

The approach run is important for setting the speed and momentum for the entire jump sequence
The primary objective of the hop phase is to cover maximum distance while maintaining balance and control
During the step phase, the main focus is to minimize time spent on the ground and transition smoothly
The distance of a long jump is measured from the takeoff line to the nearest mark made in the sandpit by any part of the athlete's body

Triple Jump

The primary objective of the hop phase is to cover maximum distance while maintaining balance and control
The step phase involves minimizing time spent on the ground and transitioning smoothly
The jump phase is where the athlete achieves lift and distance
The landing phase involves bending the knees to absorb impact and prevent injuries
The approach run is typically 30-35 meters for men

High Jump

The primary objective of the approach phase is to gain maximum speed
The take-off phase involves using the arms to provide lift and the legs to drive upward
During the clearance phase, the athlete should focus on keeping the eyes on the bar and relaxing the arms
The correct body position during the peak of the jump is head neutral, legs bent
High jump shoes are designed for better grip and stability

Key Facts

The landing area for long jump and triple jump is 4m long x 2.5m wide
The landing area for high jump is 4m long x 2.5m wide x 0.4m deep
The high jump bar is made of fiberglass
The uprights/standards are used to hold the bar at various heights
The measuring tape is used to measure the height of the bar

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Test your knowledge of the long jump's historical background, Olympic debut, and record holders. Learn about the Fosbury Flop and high jump world records.