History of Language in the Philippines: American Period

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Questions and Answers

What was established by Commonwealth Act No. 184?

  • A cultural heritage site
  • A prohibition on foreign languages
  • A National Language Institute (correct)
  • A national educational curriculum

Which executive order proclaimed the national language of the Philippines based on the Tagalog language?

  • Executive Order No. 150, s. 1939
  • Executive Order No. 134, s. 1937 (correct)
  • Executive Order No. 200, s. 1941
  • Executive Order No. 101, s. 1935

What was the purpose of the U.S. National Archives at College Park regarding the Balangiga bells?

  • To allow public domain access (correct)
  • To provide education on indigenous culture
  • To promote U.S. military history
  • To destroy historical artifacts

How did American colonial influence affect the development of the Philippine national language?

<p>It introduced a variety of dialects that became standardized. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What source provides historical context regarding Philippine language development?

<p>The Former Philippines thru Foreign Eyes by Tomas de Comyn (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which book discusses the historical development of the Philippine national language?

<p>Kasaysayan at Pag-unlad ng Wikang Pambansa ng Pilipinas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact did American colonization have on indigenous languages in the Philippines?

<p>It diminished the use of many indigenous languages. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cultural reference is associated with the Balangiga bells?

<p>A representation of cultural heritage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one primary reason for choosing English as the medium of instruction in the education of Filipinos?

<p>English was deemed more practical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did American products impact Filipino culture during colonization?

<p>Many Filipinos embraced American products for being new and unique (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Surian ng Wikang Pambansa established in 1936?

<p>To study indigenous languages and select a basis for the national language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant effect of American colonization on Filipino perceptions of language?

<p>English was viewed as a higher language due to its foreign status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the approach of American colonizers differ from that of the Spanish colonizers regarding cultural influence?

<p>The Americans influenced Filipino culture positively, while the Spanish enforced rules harshly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was Tagalog chosen as the basis for the national language in 1937?

<p>It was the language with the most speakers and a developed structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year was the Commonwealth Act 184 enacted, which contributed to the establishment of the Surian ng Wikang Pambansa?

<p>1936 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the American educational system impact the Filipino language landscape?

<p>It established English as the medium of instruction, affecting language dynamics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant influence of the Americans on the languages spoken in the Philippines during their colonization?

<p>The introduction of English as a dominant language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a primary intention behind the American educational program in the Philippines?

<p>To establish a public system of education (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the period of American colonization affect the understanding of the English language among Filipinos?

<p>Few Filipinos understood English initially (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one key difference in language policy between the Spanish colonization and American colonization in the Philippines?

<p>English was favored over Spanish by the Americans in education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Thomasites play during the American colonization of the Philippines?

<p>They were American teachers sent to educate Filipinos (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a characteristic of the linguistic environment in the Philippines prior to American colonization?

<p>Eight indigenous languages dominated the linguistic landscape (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the outcomes for the Filipino population as they gained independence from Spanish rule, in relation to language?

<p>Indigenous languages retained their prominence alongside new influences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Balangiga bells

Bells displayed during a repatriation ceremony at Villamor Air Base, originated from the US Embassy.

Public domain

Copyright-free material, freely available for use.

Commonwealth Act No. 184

An act establishing a National Language Institute in the Philippines.

Executive Order No. 134

Proclaimed the national language of the Philippines based on Tagalog.

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Philippine national language

Official language of the Philippines.

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National Language Institute

A body dedicated to the promotion of the Philippine national language.

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History of national language

Study of the development of the Philippines' official language.

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Historical Development of National Language

Tracing the progression and evolution of the Philippine national language through time.

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English as the language of instruction

The Americans chose to implement English as the primary language in Filipino schools after the Philippine-American War.

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Political advantage of English

The use of English solidified American control by promoting their language and culture, making the Philippines dependent on them.

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American cultural influence

The widespread use of English and American products like tomato ketchup and Spam fostered a sense of American superiority and cultural dominance.

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Tagalog as the basis for the national language

President Quezon declared Tagalog as the foundation for the developing national language in 1937 due to its widespread use and developed structure.

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Reasons for choosing Tagalog

The selection of Tagalog was based on its wide use, especially in Luzon, and its developed structure and literary tradition.

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Literary tradition of Tagalog

Tagalog had a rich literary tradition, making it a strong contender for the basis of the national language.

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Tagalog's linguistic advantages

Tagalog's well-defined structure and grammar made it suitable for development as a national language.

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American Occupation

The period when the United States ruled the Philippines, following the Spanish-American War and the Philippine-American War.

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Thomasites

American teachers who were sent to the Philippines to introduce a public education system.

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Public Education System

A system of schools and universities funded by the government and available to all citizens.

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Impact on Philippine Language

The American occupation significantly influenced the development of Philippine languages, including the introduction of English as a major language.

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Dominant Languages Before America

Before the Americans arrived, the Philippines had eight major indigenous languages: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon, Bikol, Waray-waray, Kapampangan, and Pangasinense.

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The Influence of Spanish

Spanish continued to have a significant influence on sectors of Philippine society, particularly in religion, even after the American occupation.

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English Language in the Philippines

Few Filipinos understood English before the arrival of the Americans. The introduction of English education led to increased fluency in the language.

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Cultural and Linguistic Changes

The American occupation brought about changes to Philippine culture and language, including the introduction of new ideas and practices.

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Study Notes

Unit 7: History of the National Language: Period of Colonization

  • Lesson 7.3: Language in the Philippines during the American Period
  • Table of Contents: Introductions, Learning Objectives, Learning Activities, Initiating the Topic, Exploring the Topic, Reflecting, Subtasks, Analysis, Conclusion
  • Introduction: The Filipino Revolution was underway when the Americans arrived in the Philippines. The US had major interest due to its strategic position in Southeast Asia. Spain sold the Philippines to the United States in 1898 for $20 million. This led to American control and subsequent changes in the language used in the Philippines. American rule concluded in 1946.

Learning Objectives

  • Students will describe the language situation in the Philippines during the American colonial period.

Learning Activities

  • Students will analyze historical primary sources
  • Students will provide reasoning, opinions, and insights about the historical contexts
  • Analyze authors' viewpoints regarding the subject on language
  • Students will create an essay detailing a historical period of the National Language
  • Students will determine cause and effect from events surrounding the National Language development

Initiating the Topic

  • Example Activities: Students will explore images associated with historical moments.

Exploring the Topic

  • Education Programs: The US introduced public schools (the Thomasites were American teachers). English was chosen as the language of instruction due to its perceived practicality and efficiency.
  • Political Advantages of English: English gave the Americans logistical advantages in controlling the Philippines. The perception of English as a superior language influenced Filipino citizens
  • Rise of National Language: The Commonwealth of the Philippines was established in 1935 as preparation for independence from American rule. The National Language Commission (SWP) created in 1936 to analyze the native languages and select one as the basis for the national language. In 1937, Tagalog was declared as the basis for the developing national language (the first step in this process)
  • Choice of Tagalog: Tagalog was chosen as the basis for the national language because it was widely spoken in Luzon and its structured writing system.

Reflecting

  • Discussion questions about the status of indigenous languages and the motivations behind the decision to choose Tagalog as the national language during the colonial era.

Subtasks

  • Analyzing primary sources like historical images, currency, and policies

Conclusion

  • The American period brought significant shifts in the linguistic landscape of the Philippines. English gained prominence, while the groundwork was laid for promoting the Tagalog language as the basis for a national tongue.

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