History of IBM PC Development

Questions and Answers

What was not an option for storage when the IBM PC was first developed?

Tape drive

CD-ROM

5-and-1/4-inch floppy drive

Hard disk (correct)

What is the primary reason why having a local hard disk is important in a computer?

For processing information

For cooling the system

For storing data (correct)

For displaying graphics

What is the term used to describe storage that is not physically attached to the computer?

Remotely-attached

Network-attached (correct)

Directly-attached

Locally-attached

What is the challenge of having network-attached storage?

Ensuring it is fast and doesn't get bottlenecked Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of various technologies and network architectures in network-attached storage?

To make storage faster and more efficient Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the physical hardware that runs the hypervisor that supports the virtual machines?

Hosts Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the hypervisor mentioned in the content?

vSphere Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the slide mentioned in the content?

To give an opportunity to talk about network-attached storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of having virtual machine files on storage accessed over a network?

The ability to move virtual machines between hosts Signup and view all the answers

What is Fibre Channel primarily used for?

Dedicated network for storage Signup and view all the answers

What technology allows for the use of Fibre Channel over an Ethernet network?

Fibre Channel over Ethernet Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Fibre Channel over Ethernet?

Lower cost compared to Fibre Channel Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of having a separate network for Fibre Channel over Ethernet?

To ensure dedicated bandwidth for storage traffic Signup and view all the answers

What is iSCSI primarily used for?

Accessing storage over an IP network Signup and view all the answers

What does iSCSI use to communicate with storage appliances?

SCSI commands Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary disadvantage of using Fibre Channel?

High cost Signup and view all the answers

Why is it beneficial to have multiple network adapters for Fibre Channel over Ethernet?

To ensure high availability and fault tolerance Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of accessing storage over a network compared to locally attached storage?

Easier virtual machine migration Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using iSCSI in a Storage Area Network (SAN)?

To leverage existing Ethernet networks Signup and view all the answers

What type of storage is accessed block by block?

Storage Area Network (SAN) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a virtual local area network (VLAN) in a SAN?

To separate storage traffic from other network traffic Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between iSCSI and Fibre Channel?

iSCSI uses existing Ethernet networks, while Fibre Channel uses dedicated hardware Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between NAS and SAN?

NAS is used for file-based storage, while SAN is used for block-based storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fault tolerance in a SAN?

To prevent multiple devices from writing to the same block of storage Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using a dedicated network interface card for storage access?

To improve the performance and reliability of storage access Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a file system used in NAS?

NFS Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when accessing storage over a network?

Reliability of storage access Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a SAN?

To provide block-based storage over a network Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Evolution of Storage

In the early 1980s, the IBM PC did not have a hard disk as an option; it used 5.25-inch floppy drives for storage.
Later, the IBM XT was introduced with a hard drive, followed by the IBM AT, 386, and PS/2s.

Importance of Storage

Storage is a crucial component of a computer system, along with input/output, CPU, and memory.
Having a local hard disk made sense in the past, but with the shift to more modular and current technologies, storage is no longer physically attached to the host.

Network-Attached Storage

Storage is now network-attached, and it's essential to ensure it's fast and doesn't get bottlenecked.
This is particularly important in data centers and virtualized environments.

Benefits of Network-Attached Storage

One of the benefits of network-attached storage is the ability to move a virtual machine from one host to another without downtime.
This is possible because multiple hosts can access the same storage resource over the network.

Options for Network-Attached Storage

Fibre Channel: a dedicated network for storage, high-speed, reliable, and often pricey.
Fibre Channel over Ethernet: uses Fibre Channel technology but on a less expensive Ethernet network.
iSCSI: uses SCSI commands over an IP network, allowing hosts to access storage over Ethernet.

iSCSI

iSCSI uses software-based iSCSI adapters to access storage over an Ethernet network.
It's an example of a Storage Area Network (SAN), which is block-based storage.
iSCSI allows multiple devices to access storage blocks without conflicts.

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

NAS is shared file storage, file-based, and allows devices to access files individually.
An example of a NAS system and protocol is NFS (Network File System).

Benefits of Dedicated Network for Storage

Segmenting storage traffic from VM traffic ensures reliability and performance.
A dedicated network interface card (NIC) for storage access can improve performance and fault tolerance.

Summary

This video discussed network architecture focused on accessing storage over a network, including Fibre Channel, Fibre Channel over Ethernet, iSCSI, and NAS.
Understanding these technologies is essential for ensuring reliable and high-performance storage access in virtualized environments.

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Description

This quiz covers the early development of IBM PCs, from the 5-and-1/4-inch floppy drive to the introduction of hard disks in the IBM XT and subsequent models.