History of Computing: Zuse and Turing
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Questions and Answers

What was Konrad Zuse's motivation for designing his computer?

  • To develop programming languages for mathematics
  • To compete with Alan Turing's Universal Machine concept
  • To secure a position with the German military
  • To automate calculations for his civil engineering work (correct)
  • Which of the following describes a significant difference between the ACE and Colossus according to Turing's designs?

  • Colossus was capable of artificial intelligence tasks, ACE was not
  • Colossus was the first commercially available digital computer, not ACE
  • The ACE could be reprogrammed without rewiring, unlike Colossus (correct)
  • ACE was developed solely for military encrypted communications, unlike Colossus
  • Which major milestone is associated with Konrad Zuse's work on the Z3?

  • The Z3 was the first computer used for cryptography
  • The Z3 was the first multiprocessor computer
  • The Z3 was the world's first fully programmable working computer (correct)
  • The Z3 was the first computer to use a graphical user interface
  • What did Turing's 1952 paper on mathematical morphogenesis seek to explain?

    <p>The natural formation of patterns such as tiger stripes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year was the Pilot ACE, a smaller version of Turing's ACE, completed?

    <p>1950 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Alan Turing contribute to the notion of artificial intelligence?

    <p>Through a thought experiment about machine thinking (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lives were estimated to have been saved through the cracking of the Enigma code during WWII?

    <p>14 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which significant event in Turing's life occurred in 1954?

    <p>His death (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For what purpose did Konrad Zuse develop Plankalkül?

    <p>To create a high-level programming language (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which university did Alan Turing join after his involvement with the UK's National Physical Laboratory?

    <p>Manchester University (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Konrad Zuse

    A German engineer who built the first programmable computer.

    Z1

    The first programmable computer prototype created by Zuse in 1938.

    Z3

    The world's first fully programmable working computer developed by Zuse in 1941.

    Plankalkül

    One of the first high-level programming languages developed by Zuse.

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    Alan Turing

    A British mathematician and pioneer in computer science and artificial intelligence.

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    Automatic Computing Engine (ACE)

    A design for a flexible computer developed by Turing after WWII.

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    Ferranti Mark 1

    The world’s first commercially available digital computer, built under Turing's guidance.

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    Enigma code

    A cipher used by the Germans in WWII, broken by Turing and his team.

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    Impact of breaking Enigma

    Estimated to have saved over 14 million lives during WWII.

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    Mathematical Morphogenesis

    Turing's 1952 paper explaining natural patterns like tiger stripes.

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    Study Notes

    Konrad Zuse

    • Born in Berlin, 1910
    • Designed and built a programmable computer in his parents' apartment.
    • Created the Z1 in 1938, the world's first fully programmable working computer in 1941 (Z3)
    • Developed one of the first high-level programming languages, "Plankalkül."
    • Conceived the idea of a computer to automate calculations for engineering work.

    Alan Turing

    • Designed the Automatic Computing Engine (ACE)
    • Submitted detailed plans for ACE to the National Laboratory in 1945.
    • Led the programming team for the Ferranti Mark 1 (first commercially available digital electronic computer).
    • Developed a thought experiment (Turing Test) to determine if a machine can think.
    • Was fascinated by neurology, biology, and morphogenesis.
    • Convicted of homosexual activity and committed suicide in 1954, pardoned in 2013.
    • His work was crucial to cracking the Enigma code during World War II and saved millions of lives.

    World War II Enigma Code

    • Estimated to have saved more than 14 million lives.
    • Cracking the code took 2 years.

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    Description

    Explore the groundbreaking contributions of Konrad Zuse and Alan Turing to computing during the 20th century. This quiz encompasses their innovative works, including the creation of the first programmable computers and the development of pivotal concepts like the Turing Test. Dive into how their achievements shaped modern technology and impacted history, especially during World War II.

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