History of Computing Lecture 1: Computation and The Abacus
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of computer science?

  • Studying the use of abacus in different cultures
  • Studying computable processes and structures with the aid of computers (correct)
  • Studying the history of mechanical calculation machines
  • Studying the procedure of calculating using mathematical or logical methods
  • Which ancient tool used beads to perform addition and subtraction?

  • Pascaline
  • Leibniz’ Machine
  • Chinese Abacus (correct)
  • Mechanical calculation machines
  • In what century was the Greek abacus first used?

  • 8th century AD
  • 5th century BC (correct)
  • 3rd century BC
  • 2nd century AD
  • Who designed the Pascaline, an early mechanical calculator?

    <p>Blaise Pascal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What innovative concept did Leibniz’ Machine expand on?

    <p>Multiplication by repeated addition and shifting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the Step Reckoner designed by Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz?

    <p>Multiplying by repeated addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who developed the loom controlled by a loop of punched cards?

    <p>Joseph-Marie Jacquard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the method on which Babbage's Difference Engine was based?

    <p>Method of finite differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who translated Menabrea’s Sketch of the Analytical Engine to English and added detailed mathematical explanations?

    <p>Ada Lovelace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Herman Hollerith investigate a suggestion for in 1882?

    <p>Mechanical tabulation of Census data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company did Hollerith form in 1896 that eventually became IBM in 1924?

    <p>Tabulating Machine Company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was supported by IBM to build the ASCC computer (Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator) in 1944?

    <p>Howard Aiken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Harvard Mark I (ASCC computer) use to represent mathematical data?

    <p>Mechanical relays (switches)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Howard Aiken predict that only six electronic digital computers would be required to satisfy the computing needs of the entire U.S.?

    <p>1947</p> Signup and view all the answers

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