History of Communication and Technology

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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with foreseeing the invention of hypertext?

Ada Lovelace

Claude E. Shannon

Vannevar Bush (correct)

Jean Hoerni

In what year was the first practical sound movie introduced?

1939

1923

1940

1926 (correct)

Who developed the first integrated circuit?

Lee De Forest

Jean Hoerni (correct)

Vannevar Bush

Eadweard Muybridge

What was introduced by Philips and MCA in 1972?

Optical laserdisc (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who invented the electronic amplifying tube (triode)?

Lee De Forest (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was developed by the Library of Congress in the 1960s?

LC MARC (C) Signup and view all the answers

In what year was the first microprocessor chip introduced?

1971 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was introduced by Apple in 1984?

Apple Macintosh computer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the first media outlet to cover an issue?

To define the terms, context, and attitudes surrounding it (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of not being presented with certain ideas?

You are unable to draw adequate conclusions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of many ideas?

They are often controversial (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of Richard Saul Wurman's concept of 'Information Anxiety'?

The gap between what we understand and what we think we should understand. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of information according to Robert Harris?

To stand out and be recognized in the clutter of information. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to misinformation and rumors?

They continue to circulate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is implied by the statement 'Newer is equated with truer'?

New information is considered more trustworthy. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How do people often behave when being filmed by the media?

They behave much differently (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of stories are often emphasized in television?

Visual stories (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of 'The media sell what the culture buys'?

The media only sells what the culture is interested in. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a computer program?

To contain the exact, step-by-step directions to solve a problem (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'The early word gets the perm'?

Those who speak first are often believed. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a desktop computer?

It is set up in a permanent spot (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of the 'Data Smog' concept?

The overwhelming amount of information available. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of 'Selection is a viewpoint'?

The selection of information determines one's viewpoint. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Hypercard in the context of the information age?

It was a metaphor for a digital recipe box. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of checking the author's credentials when evaluating a website?

To determine the author's expertise in the subject matter (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred from the domain name 'lee.edu'?

The website is hosted by an educational institution (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of searching the domain name on http://www.whois.sc/?

To find information about the domain name's registered owner (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of evaluating a website's purpose?

To identify bias or commercial interests (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to check the suffix on a domain name?

To understand the type of entity hosting the website (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of evaluating an author's expertise?

To determine the author's credibility and expertise (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of searching for the organization's main website?

To verify the organization's credibility (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider the purpose of a website?

To understand the website's purpose and potential biases (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a workstation and a desktop computer?

A workstation has a more powerful processor and additional memory (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)?

It is a small, touchscreen computer that does not have a keyboard (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a server?

To provide network services to other computers (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the huge machines that process millions of transactions every day?

Mainframe (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of a wearable computer?

It is a small computer that is integrated into a watch or other small object (B) Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the 'Father of Information Theory'?

Claude E. Shannon (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a laptop and a desktop computer?

A laptop is smaller and more portable than a desktop computer (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a computer that is designed to process large amounts of data quickly?

Supercomputer (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Invention of Telegraph and Motion Pictures

1837: Invention of telegraph in Great Britain and the United States
1861: Motion pictures projected onto a screen
1876: Dewey Decimal system introduced
1877: Eadweard Muybridge demonstrates high-speed photography
1899: First magnetic recordings

Development of Information Science

1902: Motion picture special effects
1906: Lee De Forest invents electronic amplifying tube (triode)
1923: Television camera tube invented by Zworykin
1926: First practical sound movie
1939: Regularly scheduled television broadcasting begins in the U.S.
1940s: Beginnings of information science as a discipline
1945: Vannevar Bush foresees the invention of hypertext
1946: ENIAC computer developed
1948: Birth of field-of-information theory proposed by Claude E. Shannon

Advancements in Computing

1957: Planar transistor developed by Jean Hoerni
1958: First integrated circuit
1960s: Library of Congress develops LC MARC (machine readable code)
1969: UNIX operating system developed, which could handle multitasking
1971: Intel introduces first microprocessor chip
1972: Optical laserdisc developed by Philips and MCA
1974: MCA and Philips agree on standard videodisc encoding format
1975: Altair Microcomputer Kit: first personal computer for the public
1977: RadioShack introduces first complete personal computer

Information Anxiety and Evolution of Man and Information

Information anxiety is produced by the ever-widening gap between what we understand and what we think we should understand
It is the black hole between data and knowledge, and what happens when information doesn’t tell us what we want or need to know

Sizing Up the Information

Information must compete
Newer is equated with truer
Selection is a viewpoint
The media sell what the culture buys
The early word gets the perm
You are what you eat and so is your brain
Ideas are seen as controversial
Undead information walks ever on
Media presence creates the story
The medium selects the message

Computers

A computer is an electronic device that stores and processes data (information)
Types of computers:
- Personal Computers
- Desktop Computers
- Laptops
- Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)
- Server
- Mainframes
- Wearable Computers

The World Wide Web (Internet)

The origin of the Internet can be traced back to Claude E. Shannon, an American Mathematician
He worked at Bell Laboratories and published a paper proposing that information can be quantitatively encoded as a sequence of ones and zeroes

How to Check the Reliability of Web Sources

Who is the author of the article or site?
Who published the site?
What is the main purpose of the site?
Why did the author write it and why did the publisher post it?

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Description

This quiz covers the history of communication and technology, including the invention of the telegraph, motion pictures, and other significant events and figures.