History of Canada in 1867

Tariffs and railway freight rates reduced farm incomes and worked against the region's industrial development. Dominion and land policies distorted the pattern of settlement an deprived governments of adequate source of revenue.

1. Regional economies grew at different rates. 2. There was little apparent convergence in per capita income despite trade opportunities and labor movement.

Settling the Prairie West led to monoculture agriculture causing soil erosion, chemical dependency, water management issues, and ecosystem destruction. The lumber industry caused deforestation, pollution, and environmental degradation.

<ol> <li>Sanitation issues including garbage and waste filling streets. 2. Overcrowding in poorly ventilated housing leading to disease outbreaks.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Nature as an active agent in human development. 2. Interdependent relationships between humans and the natural environment. 3. Understanding environmental destruction causes and patterns.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Battles included 2nd Ypres, Vimy Ridge, Hill 70, Battle of 3rd Ypres (Passchendaele), and Battle of Amiens. Offensives featured the Michel Offensive and Hundred Days Campaign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anderson proposed that nations are 'imagined communities' because the members of even the smallest nation will never meet or know most of their fellow-members, yet, in their minds, they hold a collective image of their communion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Role of Family and Community</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada in 1867 had a population of 3.5 million people with major cities being Montreal, Quebec, and Toronto. The demographics consisted of 60% British, 30% French, and 10% other ethnicities. The economy was based on primary industries like farming, fishing, and lumbering, with little manufacturing and reliance on imports. Infrastructure included underdeveloped roads and railways, and society was dominated by Christian churches with limited social mobility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confederation refers to the process through which the British North American colonies of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the Province of Canada joined together to form the Dominion of Canada on July 1, 1867.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A federal union is a system of government where power and responsibilities are divided between two levels of government - federal/national and provincial. The federal government handles matters like foreign affairs, immigration, defense, and communications, while the provincial government manages areas like health, education, welfare, natural resources, and roads.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<ol> <li>Colony: Controlled and governed by another country, not independent. 2. Dominion: Semi-independent country with a significant amount of local control, part of the British Empire but with some autonomy. 3. Country/Nation: Completely independent and autonomous with full control.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reasons for the Dominion of Canada's establishment in 1867 include political deadlock in the Province of Canada, economic motivations such as the loss of free trade, the desire to expand west for farming, fear of the United States, and British support and encouragement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shortage of volunteers as Canada's military commitments grew</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some issues with the Indian Act of 1876 included its discriminatory provisions that created the status Indian category and restricted Indigenous rights based on paternal lineage. The Act also imposed limitations on Indigenous governance, education, cultural practices, and denied basic rights like voting and control over resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>English Canada overwhelmingly supported it</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Residential Schools originated from government policies aimed at assimilating Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture by erasing their languages, cultures, and identities. The schools were part of efforts to 'civilize' Indigenous populations through enforced English and Christianity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prime Minister King</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>economic prosperity, consumer goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1965</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Divorce and Changing Family Structures = Divorce became more common with the easing of divorce laws in 1968. Tolerance for Gay and Lesbian Couples = Decriminalization of homosexual acts in 1969, and legalization of gay marriage by 2005. Decline of the Nuclear Family = Traditional nuclear family saw a decline, with more diverse family arrangements becoming common.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>decrease in influence of Christianity in public and political life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conscription was implemented</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indian immigration was agitating white settlers in places like Canada due to the 'Colour question' and the fear of economic competition from Indians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Sikhs emigrated independently, without relying on labor contractors, and were financially self-sufficient upon arrival.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The South African colony of Natal passed legislation aimed at stopping the entry of free and independent immigrants from India.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Head Tax was a fee imposed on Chinese immigrants entering Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right to vote in federal elections</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prime Minister Laurier initially believed that Canada was powerless to bar the entry of British subjects of any race or kind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nellie McClung and Thérèse Casgrain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Punjabi Sikhs in Canada were protesting against the second-class treatment they received both in Canada and abroad.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>unionize</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The federal government employed strategies such as the Dominion Land Survey, Dominion Lands Act, and offering free land under certain conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People came to Canada due to push factors in Europe and the United States like overpopulation, poor living conditions, and pull factors like cheap land and economic opportunities in Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canadian immigration policy was racist by favoring immigrants from certain regions over others, restricting Chinese immigrants severely, and discriminating based on nationality or race.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada's current immigration policy evolved post-World War II towards inclusivity through activism, lobbying for rights, and reforms focusing on family reunification and refugee protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Canadian government and people responded with strong support and immediate action, implementing the War Measures Act, recruiting and training soldiers, and accepting indigenous peoples into the army.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Canadian state grew in size and complexity, intervening in daily life and business, introducing income tax, and participating in the Imperial War Cabinet in 1917.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Canadian Corps was the Canadian army fighting in Europe during WWI. They fought in Modern Warfare, involving total war, industrial war, trench war, and attritional warfare. This type of war emphasized industrial and logistical capacities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Conscription Crisis of 1917 arose due to the need for more troops while volunteer numbers declined. It led to severe domestic divisions, with English Protestants supporting conscription and French Catholics opposing it, showcasing deep cultural and political rifts in Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Germany lost due to factors like Britain's naval blockade, the entry of the United States, attritional warfare, tactical advances by the Allies, and strategic errors leading to an inability to sustain the war effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keshen means that the Second World War is often portrayed positively, emphasizing just causes and heroism. Nostalgia is strong due to the perception of clear moral purpose, economic prosperity, unity for a common cause, and sacrifices made for democracy and freedom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commemorations of WWII emphasize just causes and positive outcomes, portraying it as a 'good war.' In contrast, memories of WWI focus on senseless slaughter, trench warfare, and massive loss of life without a clear noble purpose, often seen as tragic and futile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controversies include the internment of Japanese Canadians, the Conscription Crisis, economic exploitation, social issues like alcohol abuse, changing gender roles due to women in the workforce, and concerns about juvenile delinquency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Veterans’ Charter was a benefits package for returning Canadian soldiers after WWII, offering cash awards, vocational training, education, and grants. It was significant for recognizing veterans' sacrifices, aiding their reintegration, and contributing to post-war social and financial stability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada joined on September 10, 1939, a week after Britain declared war on Germany, asserting its autonomy and cultural ties to Britain. The reasons included a duty to support Britain and moral obligation to halt Hitler's actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada mobilized resources and finances using measures like increased taxes, Victory Loans, and forced savings. The Department of Munitions and Supply led industrial transformation for war production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada witnessed economic growth, military integration with the U.S., increased women's roles in the workforce and military, and the establishment of social programs like welfare support for families and veterans.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Canada contributed significantly through the Royal Canadian Navy in the Battle of the Atlantic, the Royal Canadian Air Force in strategic bombing, and its army in key campaigns like the Italian Campaign and D-Day invasion.</p> Signup and view all the answers