Questions and Answers
What are the two main words discussed in the content?
Architecture and History
What is the Latin origin of the word 'architecture'?
architectura
What does the Greek word 'historia' mean?
Inquiry
List any three influences of architecture.
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What type of construction involves two vertical members supporting a horizontal one?
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What architectural period comes after the Roman period in the historical timeline?
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What is a cantilever in construction?
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Architecture is the art and science of designing and constructing __________.
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When did the prehistoric architecture era begin?
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Study Notes
Architecture
- Derived from Latin "architectura" and Greek "arkhitekton" meaning chief builder.
- Architecture merges art and science in designing and constructing buildings.
History of Architecture
- Architectural history spans thoughts from civilization's beginnings to the Byzantine Period.
- "Historia" in Greek signifies inquiry; involves chronological records of events and structures.
- Studies the evolution of buildings, architectural elements, aesthetic theories, and influences on building practices.
Six Influences of Architecture
- Geography: Examines land features, inhabitants, and natural phenomena of a location.
- Geology: Investigates the origin, history, and structure of a place's landscape.
- Climate: Defined as the long-term average of weather conditions in an area.
- Religion: Encompasses belief systems and worldviews connecting humanity to the supernatural.
- History: Focuses on past events and presentations of information related to architecture.
- Social & Political: Entails influences from governance forms like Tyranny and Feudalism, as well as cultural practices like music and dance.
Five Great Constructive Principles
- Post and Lintel Construction: Involves two vertical columns supporting a horizontal beam.
- Arch and Vault Construction: Utilizes a curved structure for spans, supporting loads through axial compression; includes brick or stone arrangements for stability.
- Trussed Construction: Builds geometric stability using triangular shapes, composed of linear members under tension or compression.
- Cantilever: A structural member extending beyond a fulcrum, supported by an opposing force in the structure.
Historical Timeline
- The timeline of architecture includes Pre-Historic, Near East, Egyptian, Greek, Roman, Early Christian, and Byzantine periods.
Prehistoric Architecture
- Dates from 35,000 to 2000 BC, marking the early period before written records.
- Knowledge is primarily derived from archaeological studies and discoveries.
- Evolution of direct human ancestors began in Africa over 2.3 million years ago, including species from Homo habilis to Homo sapiens sapiens.
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Description
Explore the fascinating evolution of architecture from its early manifestations to the Byzantine Period. This quiz delves into the definitions and historical significance of architecture, showcasing its role as both an art and science. Ideal for anyone interested in the foundational aspects of architectural history.
