History Chapter 20 Vocabulary Quiz

Political Concepts

• Universal manhood suffrage grants voting rights to all adult men, promoting democratic access.
• Autonomy refers to self-governance, crucial for national self-determination movements.
• Radicals advocate for significant social and political change, often seeking revolutionary transformations.

Economic Trends

• A recession signifies a downturn in economic activity, affecting employment and productivity.

Social Hierarchies in Latin America

• Peninsulares are the highest social class, consisting of Spanish-born individuals in Latin America.
• Criollos are European-descended Latin Americans, often holding significant power but lower status than peninsulares.
• Mestizos describe individuals of mixed Native American and European ancestry, marking a diverse cultural heritage.
• Mulattoes represent those of mixed European and African descent, reflecting the complexity of colonial societies.

Ideological Frameworks

• Ideology encompasses systems of thought and beliefs, informing political actions and societal structures.

Key Historical Figures

• Karageorge led a guerrilla revolt in Serbia, symbolizing resistance against Ottoman rule.
• Louis Philippe became king of France following the 1830 revolution, marking a shift in leadership.
• "La Marseillaise," the revolutionary anthem, embodies the spirit of the French Revolution and national pride.
• Napoleon III claimed the title of emperor of France in 1852, signaling a return to monarchical rule.
• Louis Kossuth was instrumental in leading Hungarian nationalists during their revolt for independence.
• Simon Bolivar is renowned for his leadership in the Venezuelan uprising, ultimately leading to independence from Spanish rule.
• Toussaint L'Ouverture is known for leading a successful slave revolt in Haiti, influencing abolitionist movements globally.
• Father Miguel Hidalgo, a criollo priest from Mexico, is recognized for advocating freedom and initiating the Mexican War of Independence.