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What is the name of the social contract theory that argues a ruler rules with the consent of the governed?
What is the name of the social contract theory that argues a ruler rules with the consent of the governed?
Two Treatises of Government
What is the name of the oldest empire in North America that was a confederacy of five nations for internal peace and mutual defense?
What is the name of the oldest empire in North America that was a confederacy of five nations for internal peace and mutual defense?
The Iroquois Confederacy
What does the "Three Sisters" farming technique intercrop?
What does the "Three Sisters" farming technique intercrop?
Corn, beans, and squash
What is the name of the first major legal compromise regarding slavery, which was decided upon during the Constitutional Convention?
What is the name of the first major legal compromise regarding slavery, which was decided upon during the Constitutional Convention?
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What was the name of the social movement in the late 1800s in response to the poor living conditions of the lower classes and the imbalance of economic power?
What was the name of the social movement in the late 1800s in response to the poor living conditions of the lower classes and the imbalance of economic power?
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What document established a self-regulating government for the Pilgrims at Plymouth Colony?
What document established a self-regulating government for the Pilgrims at Plymouth Colony?
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What event spurred the start of the American Revolutionary War?
What event spurred the start of the American Revolutionary War?
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What are the names of the two "superpowers" that emerged after the end of World War II?
What are the names of the two "superpowers" that emerged after the end of World War II?
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The Cold War was a direct conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States.
The Cold War was a direct conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States.
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The Industrial Revolution brought about an increase in the use of machines creating a new class of industrial workers, who would typically have a higher wage than agricultural workers because they were more skilled.
The Industrial Revolution brought about an increase in the use of machines creating a new class of industrial workers, who would typically have a higher wage than agricultural workers because they were more skilled.
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What economic policy was implemented during the 1930s in order to pull the United States out of the Great Depression?
What economic policy was implemented during the 1930s in order to pull the United States out of the Great Depression?
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What theory and economic system is characterized by private rather than state ownership of industry?
What theory and economic system is characterized by private rather than state ownership of industry?
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Which of the following would best describe an area that is relatively flat and higher than the land surrounding it?
Which of the following would best describe an area that is relatively flat and higher than the land surrounding it?
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What is the name of the process by which cultural traits spread from one group to another?
What is the name of the process by which cultural traits spread from one group to another?
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What is the name of the world's largest desert?
What is the name of the world's largest desert?
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What is the name of the social movement that influenced the end of the colonial era, emphasizing unity, self-determination, and the rejection of colonial domination for African people?
What is the name of the social movement that influenced the end of the colonial era, emphasizing unity, self-determination, and the rejection of colonial domination for African people?
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What process of migration is characterized by people from one location moving to another location, often settling in an urban area?
What process of migration is characterized by people from one location moving to another location, often settling in an urban area?
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A resource can be defined as a physical thing that is valued.
A resource can be defined as a physical thing that is valued.
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What is the name of the economic system that includes the means of production being owned privately with varying degrees of government control, which includes basic laws designed to protect against corruption?
What is the name of the economic system that includes the means of production being owned privately with varying degrees of government control, which includes basic laws designed to protect against corruption?
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What is the name of the tool economists use to measure the strength of an economy?
What is the name of the tool economists use to measure the strength of an economy?
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What economic practice aims to protect a domestic market from foreign competitors by increasing the cost of foreign goods?
What economic practice aims to protect a domestic market from foreign competitors by increasing the cost of foreign goods?
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What is the name of the process of moving jobs from Western nations to the developing world, which many believe has contributed to the decline of domestic manufacturing in the United States?
What is the name of the process of moving jobs from Western nations to the developing world, which many believe has contributed to the decline of domestic manufacturing in the United States?
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What is the term that refers to the "shared" system of government in the United States, in which power is shared between the branches of the national government as well as between state and national governments?
What is the term that refers to the "shared" system of government in the United States, in which power is shared between the branches of the national government as well as between state and national governments?
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What term refers to the process of learning how to follow rules, understand consequences, and do one's part in groups?
What term refers to the process of learning how to follow rules, understand consequences, and do one's part in groups?
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When the Civil War ended, the Southern economy was flourishing more than ever before.
When the Civil War ended, the Southern economy was flourishing more than ever before.
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What was the goal of the Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education?
What was the goal of the Supreme Court ruling in Brown v. Board of Education?
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What branch of government is responsible for the drafting and passing of laws?
What branch of government is responsible for the drafting and passing of laws?
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What is the name of the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional?
What is the name of the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law unconstitutional?
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What is the name of the branch of government that is responsible for enforcing the laws passed by Congress?
What is the name of the branch of government that is responsible for enforcing the laws passed by Congress?
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What country is considered to be the "birthplace of civilization"?
What country is considered to be the "birthplace of civilization"?
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The Industrial Revolution lead to lower wages for workers.
The Industrial Revolution lead to lower wages for workers.
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What term refers to the amount of money a government owes, based on treasury securities, often issued to fund the government?
What term refers to the amount of money a government owes, based on treasury securities, often issued to fund the government?
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The Supreme Court has the power to nullify laws passed by Congress.
The Supreme Court has the power to nullify laws passed by Congress.
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Which court case in 1896 upheld state laws that required racial segregation in public and private sectors?
Which court case in 1896 upheld state laws that required racial segregation in public and private sectors?
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What was the name of the event that occurred on the June 6th, 1944 in which Allied forces landed on Normandy Beach, marking a significant turning point in World War II?
What was the name of the event that occurred on the June 6th, 1944 in which Allied forces landed on Normandy Beach, marking a significant turning point in World War II?
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What branch of economics focuses on the design and function of the economy as a whole?
What branch of economics focuses on the design and function of the economy as a whole?
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Which type of economic system is characterized by the government deciding what will be produced, how it will be produced, and who will get how much of it?
Which type of economic system is characterized by the government deciding what will be produced, how it will be produced, and who will get how much of it?
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The primary factor that drives change in the economy is competition.
The primary factor that drives change in the economy is competition.
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Flashcards
Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect
A relationship where one event produces another event or outcome.
Hammurabi's Code
Hammurabi's Code
One of the earliest written legal codes, established in ancient Babylon around 1750 B.C.
Justinian's Code
Justinian's Code
A compilation of Roman laws organized under Emperor Justinian in the early 500 A.D.
Democracy
Democracy
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Direct Democracy
Direct Democracy
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Representative Democracy
Representative Democracy
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Magna Carta
Magna Carta
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Model Parliament
Model Parliament
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Divine Right Monarchy
Divine Right Monarchy
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English Civil War
English Civil War
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Enlightenment
Enlightenment
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Thomas Hobbes
Thomas Hobbes
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John Locke
John Locke
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Glorious Revolution
Glorious Revolution
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Columbian Exchange
Columbian Exchange
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Mercantilism
Mercantilism
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Salutary Neglect
Salutary Neglect
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Triangular Trade
Triangular Trade
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French and Indian War
French and Indian War
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Proclamation of 1763
Proclamation of 1763
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Sugar Act of 1764
Sugar Act of 1764
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Stamp Act of 1765
Stamp Act of 1765
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Boston Tea Party
Boston Tea Party
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Intolerable Acts
Intolerable Acts
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Second Continental Congress
Second Continental Congress
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Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence
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George Washington
George Washington
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Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights
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Federalists
Federalists
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Anti-Federalists
Anti-Federalists
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Indentured Servitude
Indentured Servitude
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Study Notes
Cause and Effect in History
- Understanding events by analyzing causes and effects is crucial to understanding history.
- Occurrences are always influenced by the time period they happen in.
- World War I directly led to World War II because of economic shifts and leadership decisions.
Ancient Laws
- Hammurabi's Code (1750 BC): An early example of a legal code in society that outlined a presumption of innocence, acting as a rudimentary constitution.
- The code largely used an "eye for an eye" approach.
- Justinian's Code (early 500 AD): A compilation of Roman laws which influenced legal thought in the Renaissance.
Origins of Democracy
- Democracy is a form of government where all members of society share in decision-making.
- Ancient Greece, particularly Athens, is considered the birthplace of democracy.
- Early forms of democracy existed in tribes and communities before ancient Greece.
- Direct democracy: Citizens vote on all issues (not practical for large populations)
- Representative democracy: Citizens elect representatives to act on their behalf - used in the United States.
Dark Ages and Democracy in Europe
- After the Roman Empire's fall, monarchies and serfdom were common.
- The Magna Carta (1215): First established the idea of limited government, restricting the king's power.
- The Model Parliament (1295): Britain's first elected legislative body, contributing to the evolution of representative government.
The Enlightenment
- The Enlightenment (17th century): An intellectual movement that promoted new ways of thinking about society and government.
- Philosophers like Locke began exploring individual rights and social contract theory.
Major European Periods of Thought
- A timeline of significant European thought periods.
European Exploration and Colonization
- The collapse of the Byzantine Empire in 1453 led to the search for alternative trade routes.
- Europeans explored and colonized the Americas during the Age of Exploration.
- Different European groups (Spanish, French, English, Dutch) colonized different parts of the Americas.
- Reasons for exploration included trade, the spread of Christianity, and expansion.
Spanish Exploration
- Spain was initially interested in reaching the East Indies via a western route.
- Christopher Columbus believed the Earth was smaller than it is.
- His voyages were prompted by financial and religious factors.
Further Exploration
- Ferdinand Magellan: First circumnavigation of the Earth.
- French Exploration: Search for a Northwest Passage to Asia.
- English Exploration: Defeat of the Spanish Armada and establishment of colonies in the Americas.
- Dutch Exploration: Focused on trade and established colonies in the Americas (New Amsterdam).
The Columbian Exchange
- Involves the exchange of goods, flora, fauna, and people between Europe and the Americas.
Mercantilism
- An economic theory emphasizing national wealth through exports.
- Colonies were viewed as sources of raw materials and markets for finished goods.
The French and Indian War
- Land disputes between the French and British colonies in North America.
- Native Americans allied with the French.
- The war ended in 1763 with the British victory.
Long-Term Effects of the French and Indian War
- Proclamation of 1763: Restricted westward expansion by British colonists.
- Movement toward Colonial Unification: The Albany Plan of Union was proposed.
- French Cessation of Land and Rise of British: The French ceded land to the British.
Native American Groups Prior to Colonization
- Diverse tribes with various cultures and practices based on regional environmental factors.
- Traditional farming practices like Three Sisters cultivating corn, beans, and squash developed over time.
Three Sisters Farming
- A sustainable agricultural method involving planting corn, beans, and squash together.
- Benefits the soil fertility.
Iroquois Confederacy
- Political alliance of five (later six) nations in the northeastern region of North America.
- Ruled by a constitution called the Great Law of Peace.
- Maintained sophisticated trade networks and sustainable agricultural practices.
Major Native American Tribes and Cultures
- A brief description of major tribes and their cultural practices.
- Focus on farming methods for each regional group.
Maya, Inca, and Aztec Empires
- Three major pre-Columbian civilizations in Central and South America, each with complex societies.
- Maya: Focused on city-states, advanced mathematics, astronomy, and agriculture,
- Aztecs: Powerful military empire, ruled the Valley of Mexico
- Incas: Highly centralized, expansive empire in western South America.
Regionalism in the Early Republic
- New England, Middle, and Southern colonies developed distinct characteristics based on various factors (crops, religion, geography, etc.).
New England Colonies
- Motivated by religious freedom
- Rocky soil, short growing season.
- Manufacturing, fishing, and shipbuilding.
Middle Colonies
- Established as trade centers.
- Fertile land, conducive to agriculture.
Southern Colonies
- Motivated by profit and seeking a specific type of agricultural environment.
- Large plantations and exports like tobacco.
- Relied extensively on African slave labor.
The House of Burgesses
- Virginia's first legislative body established in 1619.
- Replicated the British parliamentary system.
- Modeled and influenced similar governing bodies in other American colonies.
Indentured Servitude
- Laborers from Europe who worked for a set period to pay off the cost of passage, often in exchange for land.
- Became less popular than slavery.
Conflict with Native Americans
- European colonization caused conflicts with Native American communities, including the displacement and destruction of indigenous groups and cultures.
- Examples such as the Trail of Tears: Forcibly removing tribes to designated lands.
Causes of the American Revolution
- The main reasons that led to the Revolution were taxes levied by the British government on the American Colonies without representation in Parliament.
- The Proclamation of 1763 restricted westward migration.
- Mercantilism was the underlying economic cause of many of the tensions.
Specific Acts Leading to the Revolution
- Sugar Act, 1764: Taxed sugar and other imported items.
- Stamp Act, 1765: Tax on printed materials.
- Quartering Act, 1765: Required colonists to provide housing for British soldiers.
- Townshend Acts, 1767: Taxed imported items.
- Boston Massacre, 1770: Violence between British soldiers and colonists.
- Tea Act, 1773: Granted the British East India Company control of the tea trade.
- Intolerable Acts/Coercive Acts, 1774: Acts implemented to punish the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
The American Revolution
- The war of Independence between the American colonies and Great Britain in the mid-18th century.
- Key battles and events leading up to the Declaration of Independence, such as Lexington and Concord and Saratoga.
- The role of key figures like George Washington and Thomas Jefferson.
The Treaty of Paris (1783)
- Ended the American Revolution.
- Recognized American independence.
Early American Politics
- The Whiskey Rebellion: Reaction to a federal excise tax on whiskey.
- The rise of political parties – Federalists (strong central government) and Democratic-Republicans (more power to states)
The Constitution
- The main principles and structures of the U.S. Constitution.
- Key figures who played a significant role in shaping the Constitution.
- Ratification of the Constitution, the process by which the states formally approved it.
The Bill of Rights
- The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution.
Landmark Supreme Court Cases
- Cases that established and altered power relations between various branches of the U.S. government.
Expansion of US Territory
- Louisiana Purchase: Acquiring a vast territory from France in 1803.
- Jefferson and Lewis and Clark expeditions.
Florida Purchase
- Spain ceding Florida to the U.S. in 1819.
Texas Annexation
- Texas becoming a U.S. state in 1845, leading to the Mexican-American War:
- Disputes over borders and land acquisition.
California
- Gold Rush in California and its impact on migration, economic growth, and conflicts with Native Americans.
Effect of Western Expansion on Native Americans
- Indian Removal Act of 1830: Forced movement of Native Americans.
- Trail of Tears: The harsh journey of Cherokee removal.
- Homestead Act: Encouraged westward settlement on Native American lands.
- Policies causing the loss of resources and cultures.
The Second Industrial Revolution in the US
- Technological advancements: such as railroads, steel production, and steamboats.
- Immigration patterns, and rise of unions and activism to improve working conditions for laborers.
The Gilded Age
- Economic boom, social tensions, and political scandals.
- Key figures like Rockefeller, Vanderbilt, and Carnegie, and the growth of large corporations.
The Rise of Labor
- The forming of craft unions leading into the development of large unions in the 1800s.
- Role of labor movements in pressing for rights (organized labor and activism).
- Increased awareness of labor conditions.
The Progressive Movement
- Reaction to the excesses, problems, and inequalities of the earlier Industrial Revolution and Gilded Age.
- Policies, social actions, and activism to combat issues of inequality.
The Rise of Conservatism
- Political reaction to the liberal movements of the 1960s, and reactions to the expansion of government.
- Examples like the creation of the Defense Strategic Initiative (SDI), or "Star Wars" defensive program.
The Great Depression
- Causes and effects of the Great Depression
- The New Deal programs were enacted to combat the impact on the population.
The Cold War
- Effects on American life and society, and on global politics.
Decolonization
- The end of European colonialism in Africa and Asia and the struggles that emerged post-WWII.
World War II
- The causes of World War II.
- The significant impact on the global political and social landscape.
Globalism
- A variety of factors like economic, and political trends that created interconnectedness in trade, technology, and communication.
World Religions
- Basic aspects and beliefs of major religions (Islam, Christianity, and Judaism).
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Description
This quiz explores the interconnectedness of historical events, the impact of ancient legal codes like Hammurabi's and Justinian's, and the origins of democracy, particularly in Ancient Greece. Understanding these foundations helps to grasp the evolution of modern governance and law.
