Questions and Answers
How does a historian typically begin his work?
formulating a question he hopes to answer.
What does it mean if a historical source is biased?
It shows a strong preference or point of view that might distort the information presented.
What is a primary source?
A record of the past created by someone who lived at the time.
Which of the following historical investigations has the broadest spatial frame?
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What do values many consider to be universal standards like democracy and human rights indicate?
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What theme of world history is illustrated by the spread of the bubonic plague from Asia to Europe in the 14th century?
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Which of the following is a topic that would fall under the theme of social structures?
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What does cultural diffusion explain?
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What is a sequence of events called?
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Which historical question requires an interregional view?
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Which of the following historical events would fit under the theme of political structures?
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How has human technology affected the environment?
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Which of the following is considered a 'habit of mind' useful for studying history?
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What does integration refer to in the broad themes of history?
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What statement about colonial North America addresses gender roles?
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The period between the emergence of stone tools and the later appearance of metal tools is called the?
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Where did the earliest settled societies develop?
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What were the earliest domesticated plants?
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What knowledge was part of hunter-gatherer culture?
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On what were the lives of pastoral nomads based?
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What is one way cities were different from villages?
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How was the economy of Sumer managed?
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Who developed the system of writing known as hieroglyphics?
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Which of these are examples of interregional trade EXCEPT for trade between?
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Why did the Indus Valley civilization cover a larger territory than the civilizations of Mesopotamia or Egypt?
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What was the first dynasty to record its history in the valley of the Yellow River?
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Athens united many Greek city-states in a league to defeat which empire?
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How was the Roman Republic different from a direct democracy?
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What was China's main export at the time of the Han dynasty?
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How did King Ashoka work to unify the Mauryan Empire?
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Which site was located north of the Taurus Mountains?
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Which of the following figures is considered an important prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
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Which of the following are characteristics of world religions EXCEPT?
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What is considered the most sacred place in Judaism?
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What resulted from the Jewish Diaspora?
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What important trait do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share?
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According to Christian belief, who was Jesus?
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What happened three days after Jesus was crucified, according to the New Testament?
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Which of the following are part of the Five Pillars of Islam EXCEPT for?
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What do Muslims rely on to guide all aspects of life?
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What is believed to be the complete message of God as revealed to Muhammad?
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What are the Vedas in Hinduism?
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Which of the following are aspects of the Hindu belief system EXCEPT?
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What does the Eightfold Path in Buddhism offer guidelines for?
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How did Buddhists promote the study and spread of Buddhism?
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What did Confucius believe was important for a harmonious society?
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How did Confucianism affect the Chinese state?
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What caused the collapse of the Han Empire?
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Who ruled northern India during the same period as the Han and Roman empires?
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How did Roman emperor Diocletian govern a large empire?
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Which peoples lived in Mesoamerica EXCEPT?
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What were spiritual and political leaders of the Muslims called?
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What was an advantage of the Muslim Empire in warfare?
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Why did the Sunni and Shi'a branches of Islam originally split?
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What was the main cause of the Mongol Empire's collapse?
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Why was the Silk Road significant between 300 to 1500?
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Why was Thomas Becket killed?
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What reform was made by King Henry II of England?
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How did political changes in England weaken feudalism?
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What action by an English king gave ordinary people a voice in government?
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How did the plague make life harder for Jews in Europe?
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What conflict arose from the event of 1164 between King Henry II and the Roman Catholic Church?
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What is one reason why the battle in 1429 had a different outcome from the battle in 1364?
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How did the plague increase the power of the common people?
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What technological advantage helped the English win many early battles of the Hundred Years' War?
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What development in the Hundred Years' War was partly a response to Joan of Arc?
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What are the best sub-headings for the two columns in the chart below?
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What does Hippo mean?
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Which events took place in the Hippodrome?
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What best describes the lives of the jobless in Constantinople?
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Who were the Blues and the Greens?
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What event led Justinian I to start a major public works program?
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What was Hagia Sophia built as?
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What is Justinian's Code?
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What did the Eastern Orthodox missionary Saint Cyril create?
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Why were the Byzantines angry when the pope crowned Charlemagne as Holy Roman emperor?
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Which sources best help scholars learn about the cultures of the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan people?
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How did the Mayas calculate the solar year?
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What was one way the Mayan system of numbers differs from ours?
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What does a picture showing a Mayan stele depict?
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Why could a Maya identify a stranger's town?
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Why did the Mayas create hundreds of glyphs?
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How can tourists in Mexico observe Aztec technology still in use?
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What achievement did the Aztecs adapt from the Mayas?
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What does a translation of a short Aztec verse tell about Aztec culture?
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What characteristic makes an old, overgrown temple identifiable as Aztec?
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What system of writing did the Aztec use?
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What challenge did the Incas face to a much larger extent than other peoples in the Americas?
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How did travelers on Incan roads cross rivers?
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Why did Incan farmers terrace their fields?
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What material was extensively used inside the Temple of the Sun by the Incas?
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What problem did the Incas solve with sets of strings called quipus?
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How did the Crusades lead to globalization in later centuries?
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What did the magnetic compass and the astrolabe encourage the development of?
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How did Captain James Cook contribute to changes in the first global age?
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What process describes the spread of European ideas and values around the world?
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Which military tactic was part of the gunpowder revolution?
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Why is the empire of the Ottoman Turks considered a 'gunpowder empire'?
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Which empire controlled the territory between India and the Ottomans?
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Who were the shoguns?
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Why did mestizos hold a middle place in the Spanish colonial social structure?
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Study Notes
Historical Research and Interpretation
- Historians start by formulating questions to guide their inquiries.
- A biased historical source presents distorted information due to strong preferences.
- Primary sources are firsthand accounts from individuals who experienced events.
Themes in World History
- Broad historical investigations can study extensive connections, such as Silk Road trade routes between Europe and Asia.
- Universal values like democracy and human rights are not uniformly accepted across all societies or periods.
- Historical patterns like the spread of the bubonic plague exemplify human-environment interaction.
- Social structure studies may cover gender roles and relations.
Cultural and Technological Developments
- Cultural diffusion explains how religions grow and spread.
- Chronologies capture sequences of events in historical narratives.
- Integration in history denotes how disparate cultures and peoples have interconnected.
- The Stone Age marks the timeline of early human technological development with stone tools.
Societal Organization and Economy
- Early settled societies formed in resource-rich regions, with domesticated plants primarily being grasses.
- Hunter-gatherer cultures relied on knowledge of tool-making for survival.
- Pastoral nomads depended on herds, such as sheep and goats, for their livelihoods.
- Urban centers evolved with public structures and markets compared to villages.
Political Structures and Records
- Sumer's economy was overseen by priest-kings and officials, showcasing early centralized governance.
- Egyptian priests developed hieroglyphics as a formal writing system.
- Interregional trade examples exclude localized trade, such as that between Harappa and Mohenjo-daro.
- The Indus Valley civilization expanded due to extensive trading networks.
Empires and Historical Figures
- The Shang dynasty was the first to document its rule in the Yellow River region.
- Athens united Greek city-states against the Persian Empire.
- The Roman Republic operated through elected representatives, contrasting with direct democracy.
- The Han dynasty's primary export was silk; King Ashoka promoted peace and religious tolerance in the Mauryan Empire.
Religious Developments and Cultural Synthesis
- Abraham is a significant prophet in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, highlighting shared religious heritage.
- The temple in Jerusalem is sacred to Judaism and emphasizes the importance of devotion.
- The Jewish Diaspora led to the widespread dispersion of Jewish communities across the Middle East.
- Shared beliefs among major religions include the worship of a single God.
Educational and Philosophical Contributions
- Confucianism stressed filial piety as essential for harmony in society and influenced the Chinese state through civil service examinations.
- Buddhism promotes enlightenment through the Eightfold Path, with monasteries facilitating growth and study.
Political Changes and Social Structures
- The Han Empire collapsed due to internal power struggles, while the Gupta Empire governed northern India concurrently with the Han and Roman empires.
- Diocletian divided the Roman Empire for efficient governance.
- Mesoamerica includes numerous cultures except the Inca.
Technology and Warfare
- The introduction of camels provided military advantages to the Muslim Empire.
- The Sunni and Shi'a branches of Islam arose from disagreements over governance.
- The Mongol Empire's downfall was primarily due to the bubonic plague.
European Developments and Global Interactions
- The Silk Road functioned as a significant trade network between 300 and 1500.
- The Crusades fostered globalization by exposing Europeans to Asian luxury goods, enhancing trade.
- Technological advancements like the compass and astrolabe also propelled maritime exploration.
Societal and Cultural Dynamics
- The Ottomans utilized firearms extensively, giving rise to the term "gunpowder empire."
- Shoguns were the dominant military rulers in Japan, shaping centralized governance.
- Mestizos played a crucial role in the social hierarchy due to their mixed European ancestry.
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Description
Test your knowledge with flashcards covering Chapters 1 to 13 of the TCI History Alive World Connections curriculum. This quiz focuses on essential historical concepts and terminology that historians use to analyze the past. It's a great way to review key ideas and prepare for exams.