History: 1987 Philippine Constitution

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Questions and Answers

What did the Freedom Constitution establish the Philippines as?

  • A socialist State
  • A theocratic State
  • A democratic republican State (correct)
  • An autocratic State

How long is the term for the President and the Vice President as per the new constitution?

  • Eight years
  • Six years (correct)
  • Ten years
  • Four years

Where does the legislative power reside as per the new constitution?

  • In the Judicial branch
  • In the Executive branch
  • In the Civil Service Commission
  • In Congress divided into two Houses (correct)

Which branch is vested in the Philippine Supreme Court as per the new constitution?

<p>Judicial branch (C)</p>
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What is the role of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) as per the new constitution?

<p>Mandated to enforce and administer election laws (A)</p>
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What did the new constitution establish to examine all funds, transactions, and property accounts of the government and its agencies?

<p>Commission on Audit (COA) (C)</p>
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What are the three methods to change the Constitution?

<p>Constituent Assembly (Con-Ass), Constitutional Convention (Con-Con), and People’s Initiative (PI) (D)</p>
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Who supported federalism in the Philippines during the 2016 presidential elections?

<p>President Duterte (D)</p>
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What does the term 'preamble' mean?

<p>The prologue of the Constitution introducing the main subject (D)</p>
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What does the preamble of a Constitution confer?

<p>No right nor imposes any obligation (D)</p>
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Which President hoped to change the constitution through People’s Initiative (PI)?

<p>Joseph Ejercito Estrada (A)</p>
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What does Federalism in the Philippines entail?

<p>Breaking down the country into autonomous regions with shared sovereignty (D)</p>
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Who endorsed constitutional change through a Constituent Assembly?

<p>Jose de Venecia (A)</p>
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What does the term 'Constituent Assembly (Con-Ass)' refer to?

<p>A method to propose amendments or revision to the Constitution with a two-thirds vote of the House (C)</p>
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What does a preamble serve as according to the text?

<p>An aid in interpretation (B)</p>
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What is the term length for the President and the Vice President as per the new constitution?

<p>6-year term (B)</p>
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In the new constitution, where does the legislative power reside?

<p>Congress divided into two Houses (C)</p>
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Who is mandated to enforce and administer all election laws and regulations as per the new constitution?

<p>Commission on Elections (COMELEC) (C)</p>
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What is the term length for the transitional constitution, called the Freedom Constitution?

<p>1 year (B)</p>
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According to the new constitution, where does sovereignty reside?

<p>The people (C)</p>
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Which branch is vested in the Philippine Supreme Court as per the new constitution?

<p>Judicial branch (B)</p>
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What is the main subject of the Preamble in a Constitution?

<p>It introduces the main principles and purposes of the Constitution (B)</p>
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Who drafted a constitution in 1995 that was exposed to the media but never prospered?

<p>Jose Almonte (A)</p>
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Which group hoped to gather signatures from voters to change the constitution through People’s Initiative (PI) in 1997?

<p>PIRMA (B)</p>
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What did President Duterte hope to achieve by supporting federalism in the Philippines during the 2016 presidential elections?

<p>Dividing the country into autonomous regions (C)</p>
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What is the term 'preamble' derived from and what does it mean?

<p>Derived from Latin, meaning 'to walk before', introducing the main subject (D)</p>
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In which year did then House Speaker Jose de Venecia endorse constitutional change through a Constituent Assembly?

<p>2016 (B)</p>
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What does Federalism in the Philippines entail?

<p>Dividing the country into autonomous regions with shared sovereignty (D)</p>
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What is the role of People’s Initiative (PI) in changing the Constitution?

<p>Allows for direct amendment of the Constitution by a majority vote of citizens (B)</p>
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What did Joseph Ejercito Estrada form to investigate issues surrounding charter-change focusing on economic and judiciary provisions of the Constitution?

<p>A study commission (D)</p>
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What does the Preamble confer according to the text?

<p>No specific rights nor imposes any obligation (C)</p>
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Study Notes

Establishment and Structure

  • The Freedom Constitution established the Philippines as a democratic state.
  • The term for both the President and the Vice President under the new constitution is six years.
  • Legislative power is vested in a bicameral Congress.
  • The Philippine Supreme Court is vested with the judicial branch of government.
  • Sovereignty resides with the people according to the new constitution.

Commission and Oversight

  • The Commission on Elections (COMELEC) is responsible for enforcing and administering all election laws and regulations.
  • A Commission on Audit was established to examine all funds, transactions, and property accounts of the government and its agencies.

Constitutional Change

  • Three methods to change the Constitution include People’s Initiative, Constituent Assembly, and National Referendum.
  • Federalism in the Philippines refers to the division of power between the national government and local government units.
  • President Duterte was a significant supporter of federalism during the 2016 presidential elections.
  • Then House Speaker Jose de Venecia endorsed constitutional changes through a Constituent Assembly in 1995.

Preamble Insights

  • The term 'preamble' means an introductory statement that sets the context for a legal document.
  • A preamble confers the intentions and aims of the Constitution.
  • The main subject of the Preamble is to articulate the purposes of the Constitution.
  • The Preamble serves as a guiding principle for interpretation of the Constitution.

Attempts and Initiatives

  • The People’s Initiative (PI) aims to gather signatures from voters to propose amendments to the Constitution.
  • In 1997, a group led by advocates of federalism hoped to gather signatures through People’s Initiative to change the Constitution.
  • Joseph Ejercito Estrada formed a committee to investigate issues surrounding charter-change, particularly focusing on economic and judiciary provisions.

Additional Context

  • The transitional constitution, known as the Freedom Constitution, had a term length of a fixed period until the new constitution was ratified.
  • The concept of federalism entails decentralizing authority and empowering local governments while maintaining a central governing body.

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