Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
What is the primary focus of epidemiology?
- Diagnosing and treating diseases
- Promoting healthy behaviors in the community
- Tracking the spread and causes of diseases in populations (correct)
- Developing new pharmaceutical drugs
Which of the following best describes the role of epidemiologists?
Which of the following best describes the role of epidemiologists?
- Administering vaccinations to the public
- Conducting clinical trials for new medications
- Developing surgical techniques for treating diseases
- Studying the impact of environmental factors on health (correct)
In the context of the text, what is a likely reason for public health officials and researchers to be called epidemiologists?
In the context of the text, what is a likely reason for public health officials and researchers to be called epidemiologists?
- Their involvement in designing public health campaigns
- Their contributions to pharmaceutical product development
- Their expertise in conducting genetic research
- Their focus on understanding disease patterns in populations (correct)
What would be an example of a topic that epidemiologists might study?
What would be an example of a topic that epidemiologists might study?
Which of the following is a key aspect of epidemiology?
Which of the following is a key aspect of epidemiology?
How do epidemiologists contribute to public health practice?
How do epidemiologists contribute to public health practice?
Which century witnessed the extension of epidemiology to injuries and violence?
Which century witnessed the extension of epidemiology to injuries and violence?
What did the studies by Doll and Hill link to smoking?
What did the studies by Doll and Hill link to smoking?
Descriptive epidemiology covers which of the following?
Descriptive epidemiology covers which of the following?
What type of data are usually displayed with a two-dimensional graph in descriptive epidemiology?
What type of data are usually displayed with a two-dimensional graph in descriptive epidemiology?
What does analyzing data by place in descriptive epidemiology help identify?
What does analyzing data by place in descriptive epidemiology help identify?
'Descriptive and analytical epidemiology' refers to the taxonomy of which of the following studies?
'Descriptive and analytical epidemiology' refers to the taxonomy of which of the following studies?
What does analytical epidemiology look for?
What does analytical epidemiology look for?
What do time data in descriptive epidemiology usually reveal?
What do time data in descriptive epidemiology usually reveal?
What did Richard Doll's studies find regarding lung cancer and smoking?
What did Richard Doll's studies find regarding lung cancer and smoking?
Which century saw the extension of molecular and genetic epidemiology?
Which century saw the extension of molecular and genetic epidemiology?
What is the main public health message emphasized in relation to smoking?
What is the main public health message emphasized in relation to smoking?
What is the study of epidemiology concerned with?
What is the study of epidemiology concerned with?
According to the text, what did Hippocrates suggest might influence the development of a disease?
According to the text, what did Hippocrates suggest might influence the development of a disease?
Who is considered the father of modern vital statistics and surveillance?
Who is considered the father of modern vital statistics and surveillance?
What does epidemiology rely on for collection, analysis, and interpretation of data?
What does epidemiology rely on for collection, analysis, and interpretation of data?
What is meant by 'specified populations' in the context of epidemiology?
What is meant by 'specified populations' in the context of epidemiology?
What did John Graunt analyze in his landmark publication in 1662?
What did John Graunt analyze in his landmark publication in 1662?
What does the term 'pattern' refer to in epidemiology?
What does the term 'pattern' refer to in epidemiology?
What is meant by 'determinants' in the context of epidemiology?
What is meant by 'determinants' in the context of epidemiology?
What did Hippocrates look at disease as, according to the text?
What did Hippocrates look at disease as, according to the text?
What methods does epidemiology draw on from other scientific fields?
What methods does epidemiology draw on from other scientific fields?
According to the text, what is health-related states or events?
According to the text, what is health-related states or events?
What was the primary purpose of John Snow's studies of cholera outbreaks?
What was the primary purpose of John Snow's studies of cholera outbreaks?
What type of map did John Snow create to show the geographic distribution of cholera cases?
What type of map did John Snow create to show the geographic distribution of cholera cases?
What did John Snow conclude about the Broad Street pump (Pump A)?
What did John Snow conclude about the Broad Street pump (Pump A)?
What was the main reason given by residents for avoiding Pump B?
What was the main reason given by residents for avoiding Pump B?
What did John Snow's second investigation focus on?
What did John Snow's second investigation focus on?
Which water company moved its intake water works to a site well upstream from London to avoid contamination by sewage?
Which water company moved its intake water works to a site well upstream from London to avoid contamination by sewage?
According to Snow's second investigation, what was the difference in cholera death rate between districts served only by the Southwark and Vauxhall Company and those served only by the Lambeth Company?
According to Snow's second investigation, what was the difference in cholera death rate between districts served only by the Southwark and Vauxhall Company and those served only by the Lambeth Company?
Why did Snow focus on the districts served by both water companies in his second investigation?
Why did Snow focus on the districts served by both water companies in his second investigation?
What did Snow identify for every house in which a death from cholera had occurred during his second investigation?
What did Snow identify for every house in which a death from cholera had occurred during his second investigation?
What was a key factor that Snow considered in his investigations of cholera outbreaks?
What was a key factor that Snow considered in his investigations of cholera outbreaks?
What did Snow believe was the most likely source of infection for most persons with cholera in the Golden Square area?
What did Snow believe was the most likely source of infection for most persons with cholera in the Golden Square area?
Based on Snow's investigations, what did he believe to be a significant factor in the spread of cholera?
Based on Snow's investigations, what did he believe to be a significant factor in the spread of cholera?
Who demonstrated through epidemiologic studies that water could serve as a vehicle for transmitting cholera?
Who demonstrated through epidemiologic studies that water could serve as a vehicle for transmitting cholera?
What term refers to the constant and/or usual presence of a disease (or infectious agent) in a population within a geographic area?
What term refers to the constant and/or usual presence of a disease (or infectious agent) in a population within a geographic area?
In the 1950s and 1960s, who linked lung cancer to smoking?
In the 1950s and 1960s, who linked lung cancer to smoking?
What does the term 'sporadic' refer to in epidemiology?
What does the term 'sporadic' refer to in epidemiology?
What is the observed level of disease in a community called?
What is the observed level of disease in a community called?
What does the term 'pandemic' refer to?
What does the term 'pandemic' refer to?
What does 'cluster' refer to in epidemiology?
What does 'cluster' refer to in epidemiology?
What term refers to an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area?
What term refers to an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area?
What term refers to an outbreak that is often used for a more limited geographic area?
What term refers to an outbreak that is often used for a more limited geographic area?
Who extended epidemiology to molecular and genetic epidemiology in the 1990s?
Who extended epidemiology to molecular and genetic epidemiology in the 1990s?
Who extended epidemiology to injuries and violence in the 1980s?
Who extended epidemiology to injuries and violence in the 1980s?
Who focused on acute infectious diseases in the 1800s?
Who focused on acute infectious diseases in the 1800s?
In a cross-sectional study, what do the key features typically include?
In a cross-sectional study, what do the key features typically include?
What is the utility of cross-sectional studies?
What is the utility of cross-sectional studies?
What is a limitation of cross-sectional studies?
What is a limitation of cross-sectional studies?
What do ecological studies examine?
What do ecological studies examine?
What may be a population-level factor in ecological studies?
What may be a population-level factor in ecological studies?
What is a limitation of ecological studies?
What is a limitation of ecological studies?
Why do ecological studies remain popular despite their limitations?
Why do ecological studies remain popular despite their limitations?
What was the focus of the bio-behavioral survey mentioned in the text?
What was the focus of the bio-behavioral survey mentioned in the text?
Which cities had the highest and lowest HIV prevalence in men who have sex with men (MSM), according to the survey data?
Which cities had the highest and lowest HIV prevalence in men who have sex with men (MSM), according to the survey data?
What did the data show regarding condom use during anal sex across the surveyed cities?
What did the data show regarding condom use during anal sex across the surveyed cities?
What was the main public health concern highlighted by the survey data?
What was the main public health concern highlighted by the survey data?
What does an ecological study examine?
What does an ecological study examine?
