Questions and Answers
Jose Rizal is described as a mythical figure with divine descent.
False
The Rizal Law mandates the inclusion of courses on Jose Rizal's novels only in all educational institutions.
False
Senator Jose P. Laurel presented a substitute bill with the term 'compulsion' removed.
True
The approval of Senate bill No. 438 by the House of Representatives took place on May 14, 1956.
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The Rizal Law made reading the unexpurgated versions of Rizal's novels mandatory for elementary and secondary levels.
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Senator Lim suggested the exemption to those students who feel that reading Rizal's novels would positively affect his or her faith.
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Senator Primicias promulgates the rules and regulations in getting an exemption from reading all of Rizal's novels.
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Fidel Ramos directed CHEd and DECS to fully implement the law through CMO No. 3 in 1995.
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Senate Bill No. 438 submitted to the Senate Committee of Education sought to make Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo optional reading material in colleges and universities.
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Recto proposed nationalizing all Catholic schools in the Philippines if they closed due to the Rizal Law.
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Study Notes
Historical Context of the Rizal Law
- The Rizal Law was enacted to include courses on the life, works, and writings of José Rizal in all public and private schools, colleges, and universities.
- The law was established to promote Filipino identity, freedom, and nationalism after World War II.
Birth of Republic Act 1425
- April 17, 1956: Senator Jose P. Laurel presented a bill to the upper house, proposing the inclusion of Rizal's works in school curricula.
- May 14, 1956: Senate Bill No. 438 was approved by the House of Representatives.
- June 12, 1956: President Ramon Magsaysay signed the bill into law.
Proponents of the Law
- Senator Claro M. Recto
- Senator Jose P. Laurel
- The law aimed to restore hope and pride to the nation after World War II.
Opponents of the Law
- Rufino Cardinal Santos
- Sen. Lorenzo Tanada
- Francisco "Soc" Rodrigo
- Mariano Cuenco
- Decoroso Rosales
- Catholic Action of the Philippines
- Congregation of the Mission
- Knights of Columbus
- Catholic Teachers Guild
- Opponents argued that Rizal's novels are "anti-Catholic" and would compromise Catholic students' freedom of conscience.
Reasons for Opposition
- Rizal's novels were deemed "anti-Catholic" due to criticisms of the Medieval Church and its excesses.
- Opponents wanted an expurgated version of Rizal's novels to be taught in class, while keeping the unexpurgated version in school libraries.
- Catholic schools threatened to close if the law was enacted.
Counterarguments
- Senator Recto proposed nationalizing all Catholic schools in the Philippines if they closed due to the Rizal Law.
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