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Questions and Answers
What was the primary land tenure system used by indigenous communities in the Philippines before colonization?
Which system did the Spanish introduce that contributed to land inequality in the Philippines?
What was one outcome of the American colonial period regarding land ownership?
During the Japanese occupation, what primarily affected land ownership patterns?
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Which of the following is NOT a reason for the importance of agrarian reform?
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How does agrarian reform contribute to poverty reduction?
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What positive impact does agrarian reform have on social stability?
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What was a common feature of land ownership in the Philippines post-independence?
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Study Notes
### Historical Context of Land Issues
- Indigenous Land Tenure Systems: Before Spanish colonization, indigenous communities in the Philippines had their own land tenure systems based on communal ownership, customary practices, and ancestral domains.
- Spanish Rule: The Spanish introduced the encomienda system, granting land to conquistadors and settlers. This led to the concentration of land ownership among elite families, creating large haciendas controlled by Spanish landowners. The system used Filipino laborers, exacerbating land inequality and creating tenancy.
- American Rule: Continued the practice of large landholdings, with some efforts to promote small-scale farming.
- Japanese Occupation: Disrupted land ownership patterns due to war-related destruction. The existing system of inequality remained largely intact.
Importance of Agrarian Reform
- Increased Agricultural Productivity: Agrarian reform can stimulate increased investment in agriculture, leading to improved farming practices and higher productivity.
- Rural Development: Creates jobs, improves infrastructure, and boosts local economies.
- Poverty Reduction: Increasing incomes and improving farmer livelihoods reduces poverty in rural areas.
- Food Security: A more productive and equitable agricultural sector contributes to food security.
- Social Stability: Addressing land inequality helps reduce social unrest and promote stability.
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Description
Explore the evolution of land tenure systems in the Philippines from indigenous practices to Spanish rule and beyond. This quiz examines the impact of colonization and war on land ownership and the ongoing challenges related to agrarian reform. Test your knowledge on how historical events shaped modern land issues in the country.
