Historical Analysis Quiz: WPA Slave Narratives
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Questions and Answers

What motivated white society's resistance against immigrants in California?

  • Support for immigrant rights
  • Interest in cooperative labor
  • A desire to promote cultural diversity
  • Fear of losing job opportunities (correct)

What was Manifest Destiny according to John O'Sullivan?

  • An economic strategy focused on trade with Europe
  • A belief that expansion should only happen through diplomacy
  • A call for immediate cessation of westward expansion
  • A justified divine plan for U.S. expansion across the continent (correct)

How did Texas' cotton plantations primarily contribute to the region's economy?

  • By relying on the indigenous population for labor
  • By focusing on small-scale farming and local markets
  • By employing free labor from immigrants
  • Through the use of enslaved labor from African Americans (correct)

What effect did the debates over slavery have on the emergence of the Republican Party?

<p>They polarized views on slavery, facilitating a new political alignment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the consequences of vigilante violence against immigrants in California?

<p>Exacerbation of tensions and a form of genocide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way did economic opportunities in the West contribute to the Civil War?

<p>By intensifying racial tensions over access to these opportunities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measures were taken against immigrants in Oregon during westward expansion?

<p>Heavy taxes aimed at driving them out (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one effect of Texas' annexation under Polk on the region's demographics?

<p>The expulsion of many Tejanos from their lands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant policy implemented by the United States to acquire territory in the 1830s and 1840s?

<p>The Indian Removal Act (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which economic opportunity arose as a direct result of the U.S. expansion into California?

<p>The California gold rush (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary expectation placed on enslaved individuals by their owners?

<p>To meet consistent labor standards regardless of age or sex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Harriet Jacobs describe the treatment of enslaved women by their masters?

<p>Face both sexual exploitation and emotional degradation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What attitude did the wife of a slave master typically have towards enslaved women, according to Harriet Jacobs?

<p>She displayed jealousy and animosity toward them (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which U.S. president was notable for his expansionist policies in the 1840s?

<p>James K. Polk (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor that limited economic opportunities in newly acquired territories?

<p>Exclusivity of opportunities for white settlers only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of the Mexican-American War in terms of territorial expansion?

<p>Acquisition of significant southwestern territories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?

<p>To grant residents the ability to vote on the legality of slavery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event is often referred to as Bleeding Kansas?

<p>A series of violent confrontations over slavery in Kansas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Dred Scott Decision in 1857?

<p>It ruled that enslaved people had no claim to US citizenship (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was John Brown's objective during his raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859?

<p>To attack and seize a federal armory (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy did General Grant employ in his campaign against General Lee during the Civil War?

<p>Attrition warfare (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did the Emancipation Proclamation implement in 1863?

<p>It freed slaves in Confederate states while maintaining slavery in border states (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key elements were included in the Compromise of 1850?

<p>Admission of California as a free state and enforcement of a Fugitive Slave Law (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main causes of tension related to immigration in California during this period?

<p>The rapid economic growth due to gold mining (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Manifest Destiny

The belief that westward expansion is inevitable and justified by God.

Westward Expansion & Slavery

Westward expansion intensified debates over slavery, contributing to the Civil War by creating political tensions across the North and South.

Anti-immigrant Violence

Violence against immigrants in the US westward expansion as a way to limit economic opportunities for people of color.

Genocide of Quasi Natives

The systematic killing of a certain Native group (Quasi).

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Texas Annexation

The acquisition of Texas, contributing to the expansion of slavery in the US.

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O'Sullivan's Justification

O'Sullivan believed Manifest Destiny was the divinely ordained path for America's expansion due to its superior government and values.

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Rise of the Republican Party

The factors leading to the establishment of the Republican Party are not detailed in this text excerpt.

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Economic Opportunity & Westward Expansion

Westward expansion created economic opportunities, that also led to political tensions and discrimination.

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Kansas-Nebraska Act

A law passed in 1854 that allowed residents of Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether or not to allow slavery through popular vote.

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Bleeding Kansas

A period of intense violence and bloodshed in Kansas (1856) stemming from the conflict over slavery, marked by events like the Pottawatomie Creek Massacre.

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Dred Scott Decision

Supreme Court ruling in 1857 which declared that enslaved people were not US citizens and had no right to sue for their freedom.

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John Brown's Harper's Ferry Raid

An armed attack led by abolitionist John Brown on the federal armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia in 1859, aiming to seize weapons for an uprising against slavery.

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Emancipation Proclamation

President Lincoln's declaration in 1863 that freed slaves in Confederate states, a crucial turning point in the Civil War.

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What was 'Total War'?

A military strategy employed during the Civil War, primarily by Union General William T. Sherman, which targeted not only enemy forces but also civilian resources and infrastructure.

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What is 'Attrition Warfare'?

A military strategy used against General Robert E. Lee's Confederate army by Union General Ulysses S. Grant, aiming to wear down the enemy by continuous attacks and heavy losses.

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Compromise of 1850

A series of agreements designed to ease tensions between slave and free states, including California becoming a free state, ending the slave trade in D.C., and allowing new states to decide on slavery through popular vote.

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Overseer's Role

An overseer was a person appointed to supervise and punish enslaved people, ensuring they worked diligently. They were armed and strictly enforced the master's demands, often resorting to harsh punishments.

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Sexual Exploitation of Enslaved Women

Slave owners often exploited enslaved women sexually, using their power and position to violate them. This was a horrific form of abuse and control, inflicting profound psychological and physical trauma on the victims.

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Harsh Living Conditions

Enslaved people were forced to live in harsh conditions, with minimal rest despite long days of labor. The living spaces were often cramped, unsanitary, and lacked adequate resources.

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Louisiana Purchase (1804)

The US acquired a vast territory from France, significantly expanding its landmass and setting the stage for westward expansion. This was a key event in establishing American dominance over North America.

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Indian Removal Act (1830)

This act forcibly removed Native Americans from their ancestral lands, pushing them onto reservations to make way for white settlers and economic opportunities. This was a brutal act of dispossession and genocide.

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54°40′ or Fight!

This slogan, popularized by James K. Polk, symbolized American expansionist ambitions towards Oregon territory. It reflected the intense desire to acquire land and exploit resources westward.

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Mexican-American War (1845-1848)

The United States fought and defeated Mexico, gaining vast territories including California, Texas, and New Mexico. This war was a crucial part of American westward expansion, fueled by Manifest Destiny.

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Economic Opportunities in Westward Expansion

New territories offered opportunities for white settlers, including timber harvesting, agriculture, and mining. These opportunities, often explicitly denied to people of color, contributed to westward expansion.

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Study Notes

Schedule (Test on THURSDAY)

  • Sunday: Review all questions (1-10), No school
  • Monday: Read all primary sources and descriptions, Class (45 minutes)
  • Tuesday: Review Historical Q's and Important Events/Names, Class (1 hour, 25 minutes)
  • Wednesday: Review all aspects of the test, study with a friend out loud, No class
  • Thursday: Review all material, Test

Questions to Expect (Answer from memory, then correct with notes)

  • Question 1: Analyze WPA Slave Narrative interviews (5.0a & 5.0b) to draw conclusions about slavery, and how to analyze historical sources.

    • The interviews highlight stark differences in how former enslaved people discussed slavery with white versus black interviewers.
    • White interviewers often elicited responses that portrayed slave owners as benevolent, protecting the interviewee's perspective.
    • Black interviewers elicited more personal accounts and direct criticisms of the harsh treatment.
    • Historical sources can be biased depending on the interviewer and the interviewee's context (e.g., recent enslavement), impacting the portrayal of events.

  • Question 2: Ways slave owners controlled and exploited enslaved people, and ways enslaved people resisted control.

    • Slave owners used various methods to control enslaved people, including separating families, strict oversight, and harsh punishment.
    • Enslaved people resisted through maintaining family bonds, despite separation, and individual acts of defiance.
    • Examples from primary sources (5.0a, 5.0b, 5.1a - 5.1d, 5.1e) illustrate specific instances of control and resistance.

  • Question 3: How the United States acquired new territory in the 1830s and 1840s, and economic opportunities for white people in these territories.

    • The U.S. acquired territory through the Louisiana Purchase, the Mexican-American War, and the 1830 Indian Removal Act.
    • Economic opportunities such as farming and various industries presented themselves in the westward expansion territories.
    • Resources from these territories largely benefited white people.

  • Question 4: Manifest Destiny, John O' Sullivan's confidence about the U.S.’s ability to control the West, and the reasons for the Civil War.

    • Manifest Destiny was the belief that U.S. expansion was both justified and inevitable.
    • O'Sullivan asserted that the U.S. was divinely destined to expand westward.
    • Westward expansion and the debates over slavery's expansion contributed to the Civil War.

  • Question 5: How did Westward Expansion and debates over slavery contribute to the Civil War

    • Westward expansion led to disagreements about whether new territories and states would be free or slave.
    • This disagreement intensified tensions that eventually led to the Civil War.

  • Question 6: Political circumstances that led to the rise of the Republican Party.

  • Question 7: Why did Lincoln's victory in the 1860 election lead to Southern secession?

  • Question 8: Why did the North win the Civil War? Why did the South lose?

  • Question 9: Examples of resistance against the war effort in the North and South.

    • During the Civil War both the North and South experienced resistance to the wartime efforts of each side from differing groups.

  • Question 10: How did the Civil War lead to the emancipation of enslaved people?

    • The Civil War eventually led to the emancipation of enslaved people through the Emancipation Proclamation and the Union victory.

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Slavery Expansion & Civil War Test Prep PDF

Description

Prepare to delve into the WPA Slave Narrative interviews and their significance in understanding the varied perspectives on slavery. This quiz will focus on how different interviewers influenced the narratives shared by formerly enslaved individuals. Engage with historical sources to uncover deeper insights.

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