Histopathology Overview Quiz

Histopathology

• The study of diseases in tissues by examining samples under a microscope.
• Crucial for diagnosing diseases like cancer, infections, and inflammatory conditions.
• Pathologists analyze tissue structure to identify abnormal cells, infections, and tumors, providing vital information for clinical treatment.

Key Processes in Histopathology

• Biopsy and Tissue Sampling: Collection of tissue samples from patients.
• Tissue Processing: Involves fixation, embedding in paraffin, and cutting thin sections for staining.
• Staining Methods: Common stains like Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) differentiate tissue structures.
• Microscopic Examination: Tissue sections are examined under a microscope to detect abnormalities.

Laboratory Safety Procedures

• General Safety Guidelines:
  • No food or drinks in laboratory refrigerators.
  • No shorts, sandals, or open-toed shoes in the laboratory.
  • Minors or personal pets are not permitted in the laboratory.
  • Secure any dangling jewelry, restrain loose clothing, and tie back long hair.
  • Use of cell phones and music headphones should be avoided while working in the lab.
• Equipment and Supplies:
  • Instruments should meet electrical safety specifications and have written instructions.
  • Eye wash station, safety shower, and first aid kits are standard facilities in a laboratory.
  • Fire extinguishers and first aid must be checked monthly.
  • Chemical material should be stored and safely secured.
  • Acids and bases must be stored separately.
  • All chemical material must be labeled with the name, characteristics, danger level, and precautionary measures.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
  • Laboratories must have available appropriate protective gears for all individuals: safety devices, goggles, gloves, lab coats, and face shields.
• Laboratory Safety Guidelines:
  • Method for disposal of hazardous wastes.
  • Avoid handling sharp ends of instruments.
  • Use forceps or other tools to remove sharp instruments from baskets and autoclaves.
  • Workers should use appropriate hand protection when exposed to hazards.
  • Laboratory accidents must be documented and investigated.
  • Obtain medical advice immediately if major exposure occurs.
• General Safety Precautions:
  • Protect hands and forearms by wearing gloves and a lab coat or suitable long gloves.
  • Wash hands frequently.
  • Procedures involving toxic substances should be conducted in a fume hood or other suitable containment device.
  • Laboratory workplace should be well-ventilated, clean, and organized.
  • Smoking, sleeping, eating, and drinking are prohibited in the laboratory.

Applications of Histopathology

• Cancer Diagnosis: Grading and staging tumors.
• Infectious Disease: Detecting bacteria, fungi, or viruses in tissues.
• Inflammatory Diseases: Assessing the nature and severity of inflammation.
• Genetic Disorders: Identifying abnormal tissue structure linked to inherited diseases.