Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which substance is commonly used as a rapid clearing agent?
Which substance is commonly used as a rapid clearing agent?
- Benzene
- Clove oil
- Carbon tetrachloride
- Xylene (correct)
What is a substance that is miscible in both the impregnating medium and mounting medium called?
What is a substance that is miscible in both the impregnating medium and mounting medium called?
- Indicator
- Fixative
- Clearing agent (correct)
- Dehydrating agent
Which substance is both a dehydrating agent and a clearing agent?
Which substance is both a dehydrating agent and a clearing agent?
- Anhydrous copper sulfate (correct)
- Triethyl phosphate
- Ethanol
- Acetone
Which clearing agent is recommended for CNS tissues and cytological studies?
Which clearing agent is recommended for CNS tissues and cytological studies?
Which substance is not recommended for routine purposes due to its flammability and volatility as a dehydrating agent?
Which substance is not recommended for routine purposes due to its flammability and volatility as a dehydrating agent?
What does the term 'clearing' refer to in tissue processing?
What does the term 'clearing' refer to in tissue processing?
What is the function of clearance angle in knife sharpening?
What is the function of clearance angle in knife sharpening?
What is the primary function of a microtome in laboratory procedures?
What is the primary function of a microtome in laboratory procedures?
Which type of microtome is considered the simplest among the various microtome types?
Which type of microtome is considered the simplest among the various microtome types?
What is the importance of orientation in microtomy procedures?
What is the importance of orientation in microtomy procedures?
Which angle defines the angle between the block face and the upper facet of the knife in sectioning?
Which angle defines the angle between the block face and the upper facet of the knife in sectioning?
What does the term 'trimming' refer to in tissue processing procedures?
What does the term 'trimming' refer to in tissue processing procedures?
In which type of microtome is a movable exposed knife considered potentially dangerous?
In which type of microtome is a movable exposed knife considered potentially dangerous?
'Wedge angle' in knife sharpening corresponds to what aspect of blade maintenance?
'Wedge angle' in knife sharpening corresponds to what aspect of blade maintenance?
'Sectioning' refers to what specific action in laboratory procedures?
'Sectioning' refers to what specific action in laboratory procedures?
What does a 'peel-away' disposable embedding mold primarily facilitate?
What does a 'peel-away' disposable embedding mold primarily facilitate?
What is the recommended ratio of volume of decalcifying agent to tissue?
What is the recommended ratio of volume of decalcifying agent to tissue?
Which acid is not recommended for urgent biopsies due to its dual function as a tissue softener and decalcifying agent?
Which acid is not recommended for urgent biopsies due to its dual function as a tissue softener and decalcifying agent?
What acid is recommended for routine decalcification of postmortem research tissues and is also a fixative?
What acid is recommended for routine decalcification of postmortem research tissues and is also a fixative?
Which decalcifying agent is most rapid and recommended for urgent biopsies?
Which decalcifying agent is most rapid and recommended for urgent biopsies?
Which chelating agent is recommended only for detailed microscopic studies?
Which chelating agent is recommended only for detailed microscopic studies?
Which fluid is moderately rapid in decalcification and recommended for teeth and small pieces of bones?
Which fluid is moderately rapid in decalcification and recommended for teeth and small pieces of bones?
'Electrical ionization (electrophoresis)' is used to remove calcium ions from the decalcifying solution due to its attraction to:
'Electrical ionization (electrophoresis)' is used to remove calcium ions from the decalcifying solution due to its attraction to:
'Zenker's fluid' and 'Helly's fluid' are commonly used as fixatives in __________.
'Zenker's fluid' and 'Helly's fluid' are commonly used as fixatives in __________.
'Calcium Oxalate Test' is a __________ method to measure the extent of decalcification.
'Calcium Oxalate Test' is a __________ method to measure the extent of decalcification.
Flashcards
Clearing Agent
Clearing Agent
A substance that replaces alcohol in tissue processing, making it compatible with embedding and mounting media.
Xylene
Xylene
A common clearing agent, fast and effective, but not ideal for all tissues.
Transitional solvent
Transitional solvent
A substance miscible with both the impregnating medium (alcohol) and mounting medium (e.g. resin).
Microtome
Microtome
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Rotary microtome
Rotary microtome
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Sectioning
Sectioning
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Trimming
Trimming
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Orientation (in microtomy)
Orientation (in microtomy)
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Decalcification
Decalcification
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EDTA
EDTA
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HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
HCl (Hydrochloric Acid)
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Formic Acid
Formic Acid
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Knife angle (sharpening)
Knife angle (sharpening)
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Wedge angle
Wedge angle
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Angle of sectioning
Angle of sectioning
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Electrical Ionization (Electrophoresis)
Electrical Ionization (Electrophoresis)
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Zenker's fluid and Helly's fluid
Zenker's fluid and Helly's fluid
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Calcium Oxalate Test
Calcium Oxalate Test
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Acetone
Acetone
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Embedding mold
Embedding mold
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Study Notes
Clearing Agents and Tissue Processing
- Xylene is a commonly used rapid clearing agent.
- A substance that is miscible in both the impregnating medium and mounting medium is known as a "transitional solvent."
- Acetone functions both as a dehydrating agent and a clearing agent.
- For CNS tissues and cytological studies, the use of xylene is recommended as a clearing agent.
- Ether is not recommended for routine purposes due to its flammability and volatility when used as a dehydrating agent.
- The term 'clearing' in tissue processing refers to the replacement of alcohol with a medium that is miscible with both embedding and mounting media.
Microtomy and Knife Sharpening
- The clearance angle in knife sharpening aids in achieving a smooth cut by optimizing the blade’s interaction with the tissue.
- A microtome is primarily used for the precise sectioning of tissues into thin slices for microscopic examination.
- The rotary microtome is considered the simplest type of microtome.
- Orientation is crucial in microtomy procedures to ensure uniform and accurate tissue sectioning.
- The angle defined between the block face and the upper facet of the knife during sectioning is known as the "angle of sectioning."
Tissue Processing Techniques
- 'Trimming' refers to the preparatory process of shaping tissue samples for easier sectioning.
- In the rocking microtome, a movable exposed knife can be considered potentially dangerous.
- The 'wedge angle' in knife sharpening pertains to the sharpening angle that affects the efficiency and durability of the blade.
- 'Sectioning' is the action of cutting tissues into thin slices using a microtome.
Decalcification Processes
- A 'peel-away' disposable embedding mold facilitates easy removal of tissue blocks after embedding.
- The recommended ratio of the volume of decalcifying agent to the tissue is approximately 20:1.
- HCl (hydrochloric acid) is not recommended for urgent biopsies due to its function as both a tissue softener and decalcifying agent.
- Formic acid is recommended for routine decalcification of postmortem research tissues and serves as a fixative.
- EDTA is the most rapid decalcifying agent suitable for urgent biopsies.
- For detailed microscopic studies, the chelating agent EDTA is advised.
- 10% nitric acid is moderately rapid in decalcification and is recommended for teeth and small bone pieces.
Advanced Techniques
- Electrical ionization (electrophoresis) is used to remove calcium ions from the decalcifying solution due to the ions' attraction to an electrical field.
- 'Zenker's fluid' and 'Helly's fluid' are commonly used as fixatives in tissue processing.
- The 'Calcium Oxalate Test' is a quantitative method to measure the extent of decalcification.
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Description
Learn about the decalcification process in histopathology, including the removal of calcium or lime salts from tissues. Understand when and how decalcification should be performed to ensure optimal tissue preparation for examination.
