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Which type of gland is characterized by its secretion of hormones into the bloodstream without the presence of ducts?
All specialized epithelium types are involved in secretion.
False
Define myoepithelium.
Myoepithelium is a layer of contractile cells located between the basement membrane and the epithelial cells, aiding in the expulsion of glandular secretions.
Glands like the mammary gland are classified as __________ glands due to the pinching off of the apical part of the cell during secretion.
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Match the types of secretion with their characteristics:
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Which type of gland is formed of a secretory portion (acini) and an excretory portion (duct system)?
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Goblet cells are an example of multicellular glands.
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Mention one example of a mixed gland.
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Neuroepithelium acts primarily as __________.
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Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of secretion classified for epithelial glands?
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Which type of gland is known for secreting mucous?
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All exocrine glands have a secretory part and a duct system.
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What are myoepithelial cells also known as?
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The ducts of a compound exocrine gland ultimately drain into a single _______.
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Which glands have a tubular shape?
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Myoepithelial cells help in secretion by relaxing around the secretory portions of glands.
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Name one of the specialized epithelial cells associated with taste.
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The _______ of Corti is located in the inner ear and is associated with hearing.
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Which of the following is NOT a classification based on the secretion type of glands?
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Match the secretory gland types with their examples:
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Study Notes
Specialized Epithelium
- Epithelial cells that are modified to become specialized in certain functions, such as secretion, contraction, or acting as a receptor.
- Types of specialized epithelium include:
- Glandular Epithelium
- Myoepithelium
- Neuroepithelium
Glandular Epithelium
- Epithelial cells that are modified to secrete.
- Classified by the presence or absence of ducts.
Exocrine Glands
- Possess both a secretory portion (acini) and an excretory portion (duct system).
- Excretory ducts carry secretions outside the gland.
Endocrine Glands
- Composed of secretory cells, but lack a duct system.
- Secrete hormones that diffuse into the blood through fenestrated capillaries.
Mixed Glands
- Contain both exocrine (duct) and endocrine (no duct) parts.
- Example: Pancreas
Classification of Exocrine Glands
- Based on the number of cells:
- Unicellular glands: Single cells that secrete. Example: Goblet cells.
- Multicellular glands: Multiple cells grouped together to form a gland. Examples: Parotid and lacrimal glands.
- Based on the mode (mechanism) of secretion:
- Merocrine: Minimal cellular changes occur during secretion. Secretions are stored in vesicles and released via exocytosis. Examples: Sweat glands, goblet cells.
- Apocrine: Apical part of the cell is pinched off during secretion. Example: Mammary gland.
- Holocrine: Entire cell is destroyed during secretion and is replaced by another cell. Example: Sebaceous glands.
- Based on the type (nature) of secretion:
- Serous glands: Secrete watery, protein-rich fluids. Example: Exocrine pancreas, parotid gland.
- Mucous glands: Secrete viscous, mucin-rich fluids. Examples: Goblet cells, labial gland, Brunner's glands, tracheal glands.
- Mucoserous glands: Secrete a mixture of serous and mucous fluids. Examples: Sublingual and submandibular glands.
- Based on the shape (branching) of the duct:
- Simple: All secretory cells discharge into a single duct.
- Compound: Each group of secretory cells discharges into its own duct, which then unites to form a single large duct.
- Based on the shape of the secretory unit:
- Tubular glands: Tube-like shape.
- Alveolar (acinar) glands: Sac-like shape.
- Tubuloalveolar (tubuloacinar) glands: Combination of tubular and sac-like shapes.
Myoepithelium
- Also called basket cells.
- Contractile epithelial cells found between the basal lamina and the basal surface of secretory or ductal cells in exocrine glands.
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Characteristics:
- Stellate (star-shaped) cells with many processes that surround secretory units.
- Connected to each other and epithelial cells by gap junctions and desmosomes.
- Contain actin filaments, myosin, and cytokeratin filaments.
- Function: Contract around the secretory portion of the gland, squeezing the contents outside the gland.
Neuroepithelium
- Epithelial cells specialized to act as receptors.
- Associated with special sense organs.
- Examples:
- Taste buds: Found in the tongue for gustation (taste).
- Organ of Corti: Located in the inner ear for hearing.
- Macula & crista ampullaris: Found in the inner ear for equilibrium.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of specialized epithelium in this quiz. Learn about glandular, myoepithelial, and neuroepithelial cells, as well as the differences between exocrine and endocrine glands. Test your knowledge on gland classification and functions of these essential tissues.
