18 Questions
What is the primary determinant of the rate of diffusion according to Fick's Law?
The diffusion constant of the gas
What is the main advantage of the flat upper portion of the oxygen dissociation curve?
It maintains a constant blood PO2 even if alveolar gas PO2 falls
Why is a molecule with a high affinity for oxygen best suited for oxygen loading in the lungs?
To ensure maximum oxygen loading in the alveoli
What is the relationship between ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) in normal, healthy individuals?
V and Q are perfectly matched
What is the primary mechanism for oxygen transport and delivery in the body?
Binding of oxygen to hemoglobin in red blood cells
What is the main advantage of the steep lower portion of the oxygen dissociation curve?
It allows for the withdrawal of large amounts of oxygen by peripheral tissues
Which of the following statements about the gas exchange region of the lung is correct?
The alveoli are lined with a simple squamous epithelium to facilitate efficient gas exchange.
Which of the following cell types are involved in alveolar function?
Type I and Type II alveolar epithelial cells
How does oxygen reach the tissues from the lungs?
Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries and is then carried to the tissues by hemoglobin in red blood cells.
How is carbon dioxide removed from the body?
Carbon dioxide diffuses from the tissues into the capillaries and is then carried to the alveoli by hemoglobin in red blood cells.
What is the primary function of the air-blood barrier in the alveoli?
To facilitate efficient gas exchange between the alveoli and the capillaries
What is the purpose of the oxygen dissociation curve?
To illustrate the relationship between partial pressure of oxygen and the percentage of hemoglobin saturation with oxygen
What is the primary factor that promotes oxygen unloading from hemoglobin in tissues?
Decreased hydrogen ion (H+) concentration
Which statement best describes the relationship between the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) and carbon dioxide concentration in blood?
The relationship is linear, with deoxygenated blood carrying more CO2 than oxygenated blood at a given PCO2.
In the process of carbon dioxide transport, what is the role of carbonic anhydrase (CA) in red blood cells?
CA catalyzes the conversion of HCO3- to CO2 in red blood cells.
What is the primary mechanism by which carbon dioxide is transported in oxygenated blood?
Bicarbonate (HCO3-) in plasma
Which of the following factors does NOT promote oxygen loading onto hemoglobin in the alveoli?
Decreased temperature
In the process of gas exchange, what is the primary role of the chloride shift?
To maintain electrical neutrality during the exchange of HCO3- and H+ across the red blood cell membrane
This quiz focuses on the histology of the gas exchange region in the lung, including various cell types like Type I and Type II alveolar epithelial cells. It also covers the process of gas exchange, detailing how oxygen is taken up in the lungs and delivered to tissues, and how carbon dioxide is taken up in tissues and excreted in the lungs.
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